radiology test
Terms
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copy deck
- for denser areas you'd
- increase kVp
- the intensity of the beam is
- the quality X the quanity divided by the product of area and exposure time =intensity of beam
- ampere
- measures current flow
- PID
- position indicating device, the open ended cylinder
- smallest particle of a substance that retains the properties of the substance
- molecule
- mA dial determins
- # of x-rays produced by contolling the heating in the tungsten filament to produce electrons at the cathode of the tube
- if machine has rotating anodes what is mA range
- 50-100mA
- lead diaphragm
- collimating device-restricts the size and shape of the x-ray beam as it leaves the tube head
- the x-ray machine keeps from over heating by
- duty cycle and duty rating, milliamerage should not exceed 15, rotating anodes are utilized in exraoral radiography, the copper sleeve surrounds the target
- half-value layer
- x-ray beam penetration(quality) emitted from the tube, it is defined as the thickness of the aluminum that will reduce the intensity of the x-ray beam by 50%
- 40-65 kVp would__________and below 40kVp would
- 40-65 would penetrate but have secondary radiation below 40 not enough penetration
- Radiation
- the emission and propagation of energy through space or a substance in the form of wave particles
- kVp range is
- 65-100 kVp (65,000 V, 100,000 V)
- cycle
- flow and reversal of current
- characterisitic x-rays
- 70 kVp or above
- the normal HVL for a dental x-ray beam is about
- 2.75 mm of aluminum
- which electrons have the greatest binding energy?
- k shell electrons
- filtration
- removes long wave lengths
- what is the purpose of the collimating device
- restricts the size and shape of the x-ray beam as it leaves the tube head. Circular collimation allows a margin of error in the film alignment
- when was x-ray discovered
- Nov. 8,1895
- scatter radiation
- radiation that when passing through a substance has been deviated in direction (pointed cone)
- what is the total filtration needed for machines operating UP TO 70 kVp
- 1.5 mm total filtration is required
- what is the total filtration for machines operating at 70 kVp or HIGHER
- 2.5mm total filtration is required
- kilovoltage
- the quality of x-rays (or penetrating power)
- kVp above 100 would cause
- overpenetration
- what is the intensity of the beam affected by
- kilovolt peak (kVp), milliamperage(mA), exposure time and focal-fim distance (FFD)
- rectangular collimation
- is comparable to the size of a #2size film packet
- the person accredited with the initial discovery of x-ray
- Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen
- the hotter the resistant filiment becomes the more electrons are produced at the ________
- cathode
- miliamperage control
- quanity of x-rays
- mA higher than 15 would
- produce to many electron=to much heat
- useful beam
- x-ray beam after collimation and filtration
- ionization
- loss of an electron
- an example of particulate radiation is
- electrons, beta protons, protons, neutrons, alpha particles
- thermionic emission effect
- production of free electrons by the passing of an electric current through a tungsten filament with resultant heating of the filament (electron cloud)
- rectification
- current reversal blocking-the blocking of the flow of one current in one direction in an alternating current circut
- impulse
- 1/60 of a second
- electricity
- energy source used for radiation production
- the PID's should be __, __,or __ inches long
- 8,12 or 16 inches long
- what is the range on machines for mA
- 5-15 mA
- bremsstrahlung
- "breaking radiation" the slowing down and veering off course of the entering high speed electron with loss of energy expressed in x-rays