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Terms
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- detritus
- wastes and remains of dead organisms
- vestigial structures
- remnant of a structure that may have had an important function in a species ancestors'
- vaccines
- dose of a disabled or destroyed pathogen used to stimulate a long term immune defense against the pathogen
- importance of each group of microbes
- used for medicine, as well as in the creation of some foods such as yogurt
- bryophyte
- plant lacing lignin hardened vascular tissue
- ecological succession
- series of changes in the species in a community
- consumers
- organism that obtains food by eating producers or other consumers
- beneficial uses of prokaryotes
- used in medicine and development of foods
- photosynthesis
- process by which plants use the suns energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars
- convergent evolution
- process in which unrelated species from similar enviroment have adaptations that seem very similiar
- punctuated equilibrium
- evolutionary model suggesting species often diverge in spurts of relatively rapid change
- ATP
- main energy source that cells use for most of their work
- development of embryo
- animals went thru embryotic stage where they had a pouch on the side of there throat
- fern
- pteridophytes with large leaves called fronds
- fossils
- preserved remains or marking left by an organism that lived in the past
- non-vascular
- tissue that doesnt have phloem and xylem
- population density
- number of individuals of a particular species per unit area or volume
- biomass
- organic material manufactured by producers
- gram stain
- process by which gram positive or gram negative is studied
- producers
- organism that makes its own food and produces organic molecules
- gymnosperm
- plant that bears seeds that are not enclosed in an ovary
- evolution
- generation-to-generation change in the proportion of different inherited genes in a population
- herbivore
- consumer that eats only producers
- classification of bacteria by shape
- 3 shapes- spherical, rod, spiral
- homologous structures
- similar structure found in more than one species that share a common ancestor
- moss
- bryophytes that have a mat that actually consists of many gametophyte plants
- ADP
- chemical that ATP synthase converts to ATP
- trophic level
- feeding level in an ecosystem
- function of leaf parts
- dermal tissue protects, vascular moves water and nutrients, ground functions in photosynthesis
- gene flow
- exchange of genes between populations
- primary succession
- process by which a community begins in virtually lifeless area with no soil
- adaptation
- inherited characteristic that improves an organism's ability to survive and reproduce
- prey adaptation
- retreat, or camouflage
- exponential growth
- growth of a population that multiplies by a constant factor at constant time interval
- lytic cycle
- a viral reproductive cycle in which copies of a virus are made within a host cell
- viral diseases
- influenze, chicken pox, rocky mountain spotted fever
- lysogenic cycle
- a viral reproductive cycle in which the viral DNA is added to the host cell's DNA and is copied
- charles darwin
- scientist who developed the theory of evolution and wrote origin of species
- heterotrophs
- organism that obtains food by eating other organisms
- decomposers
- organism that breaks down wastes and dead organisms
- food web
- pattern of feeding in an ecosystem consisting of unified and branching food chains
- reproductive structure of fungus
- zygosporangia, sac or ascus, and fruiting bodies
- molecular evidence
- includes the common genetic code shared by all species
- natural selection
- process by which individuals with inherited characteristics well-suited to the enviroment
- survival of the fittest
- used to describe natural selection, in which animals that are best fit to the enviroment survive and pass traits on
- virus
- package of nucleic acid wrapped in a protein coat that must use a host cell's machinery to reproduce itself
- species
- distinct form of life
- antibiotics
- medicine that kills or slows the growth of bacteria
- reproductive isolation
- condition in which a reproductive barrier keeps two species from interbreeding
- carnivore
- consumer that eats only other consumers
- adaptive radiation
- evolution from a common ancestor of many species adapted to diverse enviroments
- vascular
- tissue that consists of phloem and xylem
- artificial selection
- selective breeding of domesticated plants and animals to produce offspring with desired genetic traits
- pesticide resistance in insects
- became resistant to a certain pesticide which used to kill them
- population
- group of individuals of the same species living in a particular area
- angiosperm
- flowering plant
- S curve
- after carrying capacity has been reached
- introduced species
- species moved by humans to new geographic areas
- pyramid of numbers
- representation of the number of individual organisms in each trophic level of an ecosystem
- food chain
- pathway of food transfer from one trophic level to another
- energy pyramid
- diagram representing energy loss from one trophic level to the next
- gene frequency
- how often certain alleles occur in the gene pool
- J curve
- curve of exponential growth
- anaerobic
- without oxygen
- food pyramid
- diagram representing food loss from one trophic level to the next
- autotrophs
- organism that makes its own food
- secondary succession
- change following a disturbance that damages an existing community
- mycorrhizae
- symbiotic relationships between fungal hyphae and plant roots
- spores
- haploid single cell with a thick wall that functions in the dispersal stage in fungal reproduction
- behavorial isolation
- condition when behavior and mating behaviors keeps two species from interbreeding
- virus parts
- nucleic acid, protein coat
- anaerobic fermentation
- fermentation that doesn't use oxygen
- cellular respiration
- chemical process that uses oxygen to convert chemical energy stored in organic molecules
- galapagos islands
- group of islands in the pacific ocean off the coast of south america. made many of his discoveries here (darwin)
- lichen
- mutualistic pairing of a fungus and an alga
- aerobic
- requiring oxygen
- sporangia
- reproductive structures on a plasmodial slime mold
- gene pool
- all of the alleles in all the individuals that make up a population