LOM Chapter 13 2
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- bas/o
- base
- -phil
- attraction to
- chrom/o
- color
- coagul/o
- clotting
- cyt/o
- cell
- eosin/o
- red, dawn, rosy
- erythr/o
- red
- granul/o
- granules
- hem/o
- blood
- hemat/o
- blood
- hemoglobuin/o
- hemoglobuin
- -penia
- deficiency
- -crit
- separate
- is/o
- same, equal
- kary/o
- nucleus
- leuk/o
- white
- mon/o
- one, single
- morph/o
- shape, form
- myel/o
- bone marrow
- -blast
- immature, embryonic
- -genous
- pertaining to produced in
- netur/o
- neutral
- nucle/o
- nucleus
- phag/o
- eat, swallow
- poikil/o
- variet, irregular
- sider/o
- iron
- spher/o
- globe, round
- thromb/o
- clot
- -cytosis
- abnormal condition of cells (increase in cells)
- -apheresis
- removal, carry away
- -emia
- blood condition
- -globin
- protein
- -globulin
- protein
- -lytic
- pertaining to destruction
- -oid
- derived from
- -osis
- abnormal condition
- -phage
- eat, swallow
- -philia
- attraction for (an increase in cell numbers)
- -phoresis
- carrying, transmission
- -poiesis
- formation
- -stasis
- stop, control
- basophil
- leukocyte (granulocyte) whose granules have an affinity for basic dye; releases histamine and heparin
- hypochromic
- pertaining to reduction of hemoglobin in red blood cells
- anticoagulant
- substance that prevents clotting
- coagulopathy
- disease condition of clotting cells
- cytology
- study of cells
- eosinophil
- leukocyte with dense, reddish granules having an affinity for red acidic dye; associated with allergic reactions
- erythrocytopenia
- deficiency of red blood cells
- granulocyte
- white blood cell with dense, dark-staining granules (neutrophil, basophil, and eosinophil)
- hemolysis
- destruction of red blood cells
- hematocrit
- percentage of erythrocytes in a volume of blood
- hemoglobinopahty
- disease condition of hemoglobin
- anisocytosis
- abnormality of red blood cells
- megakaryocyte
- cell with large nucleus
- leukocytopenia
- deficiency of white blood cells
- monocyte
- cell w/ single nucleus
- morphology
- study of shape or form
- myeloblast
- immature bone marrow cell
- myelogenous
- pertaining to produced in bone marrow
- neutropenia
- deficiency of neutrophils
- monomuclear
- pertaining to one nucleus
- polymorphonuclear
- pertaining to many nucleui
- phagocyte
- cell that eats or swallows other cells
- poikilocytosis
- an irregularity in the shape of red blood cells
- sideropenia
- deficiency of iron
- spherocytosis
- abnormal numbers of round, rather than normally biconcave shaped, red blood cells
- thrombocytopenia
- deficiency of clotting cells
- plasmapheresis
- removal of plasma
- leukapheresis
- removal of white cells
- plateletpheresis
- removal of platelets
- monoblast
- immature monocyte
- erythroblast
- immature red cell
- macrocytosis
- increase in numbers of large red blood cells
- microcytosis
- increase in numbers of small red blood cells
- leukemia
- an increase in cancerous white blood cells
- hemoglobin
- blood protein
- immunoglobulin
- gamma globulin that contains antibodies
- thrombolytic therapy
- drug to breakdown or dissolve blood clots
- myeloid
- derived from bone marrow
- thrombosis
- abnormal condition of the thrombus
- granulocytopenia
- deficiency of granular leukocytes
- pancytopenia
- deficiency of all cells
- macrophage
- large phagocyte formed from monocytes and found in tissues; destroy worn out red blood cells and engulf foreign materials
- eosinophilia
- increase of eosinophils in the blood or body tissues
- neutrophilia
- increase of neutrophils leukocytes in blood or tissues
- electrophoresis
- method of separating substances by electrical charge
- hematopoiesis
- formation of blood
- erythropoiesis
- formation of red blood cells
- myelopoiesis
- formation of bone marrow cells
- hemostasis
- control blood flow
- anemia
- deficiency in erythrocytes or hemoglobin - most common is iron-deficiency anemia
- aplastic anemia
- lack of all types of blood cells due to lack of development of bone marrow cells
- hemolytic anemia
- reduction in red cells due to excessive destruction
- pernicious anemia
- lack of mature erythrocytes caused by inability to absorb vitamin B12 into the body
- sickle cell anemia
- a hereditary condition characterized by abnormal shape of erythrocytes and by hemolysis
- thalassemia
- an inherited defect in the ability to produce hemoglobin, usuallyseen in persons of Mediterranean background
- hemochromatosis
- excess iron deposits throughout the body
- polycythemia vera
- general increase in red blood cells (erythremia)
- hemophilia
- excessive bleeding caused by hereditary lack of one of the protein substances (either factor VIII or factor IX) necessary for blood clotting
- purpura
- multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin
- granulocytosis
- abnormal increase in granulocytes in the blood
- mononucleosis
- an infectious disease marked by increase numbers of leukocytes and enlarged cervical lymph nodes
- multiple myeloma
- malignant neoplasm of bone marrow
- ABO
- three main blood types
- ALL
- acute lymphocytic leukemia
- AML
- acute myelogenous leukemia
- ASCT
- autologous stem cell transplant
- baso
- basophils
- BMIT
- bone marrow transplant
- CBC
- complete blood count
- CLL
- chronic lymphocytic leukemia
- CML
- chronic myelogenous leukemia
- DIC
- disseminated intravascular coagulation
- diff.
- differential count (white blood cells)
- EBV
- Epstein-Barr virus, the cause of mononucleosis
- eos
- eosinophils
- EPO
- erythropoietin
- ESR
- erythrocyte sedimentation rate
- G-CSF
- granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
- GM-CSF
- granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor
- g/dL
- gram per deciliter (deciliter = one tenth of a liter)
- GVHD
- graft versus host disease
- Hct
- hematocrit
- H, Hg, HGB
- hemoglobin
- H and H
- hemoglobin and hematocrit
- HLA
- human leukocyte antigen
- IgA, IgD, Ige, IgG, IgM
- immunoglobulins
- lymphs
- lymphocytes
- MCH
- mean corpuscular hemoglobin, average amount of hemoglobin per cell
- MCHC
- mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, average concentration of hemoglobin in a single red cell. When MCHC is low, the cell is hypochromic
- MCV
- mean corpuscular volume, average volume or size of a single red blood cell. When MCV is high, the cells are macrocytic, and when low, the cells are microcytic
- mm3
- cubic millimeter (one millionth of a liter)
- mono
- monocyte
- poly, PMN, PMNL
- polymorphonuclear leukocyte, neutrophil
- PT
-
Definition
prothrombin time - PTT
- partial thromboplastin time
- RBC
-
Definition
red blood cell (red blood cell count) - sed rate
-
Definition
erythrocyte sedimentation rate - segs
- segmented, mature white blood cells
- SMAC
-
Definition
Sequential Multiple Analyzer Computer, an automated chemistry system that determines substance in serum - pl
- microliter (one millionth of a liter; a liter equals 1.057 quarts)
- WBC
- white blood cell (white blood cell count)
- differentiation
- change in the strucutre and function of a cell as it matures
- acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)
- Immature lymphocytes (lymphoblasts) predominate. This form is seen most often in children and adolescents; onset is sudden
- acute myelogenous (myelocytic) leukemia (AML)
- Immature granulocytes (myeloblasts) predominate. Platelets and erythrocytes are diminished because of infiltration and replacement of the bone marrow by large numbers of myeloblasts
- antiglobulin test (Coombs test)
- Test for the presence of antibodies that coat and damage erythrocytes
- apheresis
- separation of blood into component parts and removal of a select part from the blood
- autologous transfusion
- blood is collected from and later reinfused into the same patient
- bleeding time
- time required for blood to stop flowing from a small puncture wound
- blood transfusion
- whole blood or cells are taken from a donor and infused into a patient
- bone marrow biopsy
- microscopic examination of a core of bone marrow removed with a needle
- chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
- abnormal numbers of relatively mature lymphocytes predominate in the marrow, lymph nodes and spleen. This most common form of leukemia usually occurs in the elderly and follows a slowly progressive course
- chronic myelogenous (myelocytic) leukemia (CML)
- both mature and immature granulocytes are present in marrow and bloodstream. This is a slowly progressive illness with which patients may live for many years without encountering life-threatening problems
- coagulation time
- time required for venous blood to clot in a test tube
- complete blood count (CBC)
- determination of the number of red and white blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red cell indices
- dyscrasia
- an abnormal or pathological condition of the blood
- erythrocyte sedimentation rate
- speed at which erythrocytes settle out of plasma
- hematopoietic stem cell transplant
- peripheral stem cells from a compatible donor are administered into a recipient's vein
- hemachromatosis
- excess iron deposits throughout the body
- hemoglobin test
- total amount of hemoglobin in a sample of peripheral blood
- intrinsic factor
- special substance found in gastric juice that aids in the absorption of B12
- palliative
- relieving, not curing
- partial thromboplastin time
- measures the presence of plasma factors that act in a portion of the coagulation pathway
- platelet count
- number of platelets per cubic millimeter or microliter of blood
- prothrombin time
- test of the ability of blood to clot
- red blood cell count (RBC)
- number of erythrocytes per cubic millimeter or microliter of blood
- red blood cell morphology
- microscopic examination of a stained blood smear to determine the shape of individual red cells
- relapse
- occurs when leukemia cells reappear in the blood and bone marrow, necessitating further treatment
- remission
- disappearance of signs of disease
- white blood cell count
- number of leukocytes per cubic millimeter or microliter
- white blood cell differential
- determines the percentage of the total WBC made up by different types of leukocytes