Nursing Unit 1

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Major components of Nursing Curricula are: Man
Health
Nursing
Environment
Man-: Comprised of variety of systems

A biophyscosocial being

an integrated whole with basic psychophysiological needs

a spiritual being created in the image of God
Basic Human Needs:: Elements necessary for survival

Human needs are shared by all people

extent to which basic needs are met isa major factor in determining level of health
Maslow's Hierarchy: Some needs are more basic than others

Pysiological needs have the highest priority and must therefore be met first
SelfAct SelfEsteem Love/Belong Safety/Security Physiological Needs: Maslow
Physiological Needs (Maslow): Oxygen
Fluids
Nutrition
Temperature
Sex
Elimination
Shelter
Rest/Activity
Avoidance of Pain
Safety and Security (Maslow): Physiological Safety

Psycholoigcal Safety
Love and Belonging (Maslow): Friendship
Social Relationships
Sexual Love
Giving & Receiving Affection
Attaining Place in A Group
Maintaining the feeling of Belonging
Self Esteem (Maslow): Self Confidence
Usefulness
Achievement
Self-Worth
Feelings of Independence, Competence, and self respect
Esteem from Others-Recognition, Respect, Appreciation
Self Actualization (Maslow): Reaching full potential

The innate need to develop one's maximum potential and realize one's abilities and qualities.

(Functioning at their best)
CCM's view of Man: Man is an integrated whole with basic psychophysiological needs.
CCM's 'Person' Needs: P-sychosocial
E-limination
R-est & Activity
S-afe Environment
O-xygen
N-utrition
Psychosocial Need (PERSON): Self concept
Love and belonging
Psychosocial developmental tasks
Interpersonal skills e.g. communication
Economic Status
Mental health
Cultural, spiritual, sexual needs
Elimination- (PERSON): Ridding body of the waste products of metabolism through:

lungs-carbon dioxide
skin-water and sodium
kidneys-fluids, electrolytes, hydrogen ions, and acids
intestines-solid waste and water
Rest & Activity- (PERSON): Proper rest and sleep are critical

Mobility is necessary for many physiologic functions of the body.

Physical and emotional health depend on abiltiy to fulfill this need

Musculoskeletal system

Endocrine system

Management of pain
Safe Environment- (PERSON): one in which basic needs are achievable

physical hazards are reduced

transmission of pathogens is reduced

pollution is controlled

sanitation is maintained

integrity of skin is maintained

cell structure and function are normal

nervous and immune systems function well
Oxygen- (PERSON): Required to sustain life

Cardiac and respiratory systems

Blood oxygenated through mechanisms of :
venilation, perfusion, and transport of respiratory gases

Neural and chemical regulators control rate and depth of respiration in response to changing oxygen demands of tissues.
Nutrition- (PERSON): Body requires fuel to provide energy for cellular metabolism and repair, organ function, growth and body movement

Nutrition needs are met from six categories of nutrients:
carbs, protein, fats, water, vitamins, minerals
What is the purpose of DIAGNOSING in the Nursing Process?: To identify patient strengths and health problems that can be prevented and resolved by collaborative and independent nurisng actions.
What does ASSESSMENT involve? (Nursing Process) (3rd Concept of CCM's Organizing Framework): Critical thinking skills

Making reliable observations

Distinguishing relevant from irrevelant data

Distinguishing important from unimportant, collecting, organizing, validating & recording of data about a patient's health status.
Purposes of Assessment: (Nursing Process): To establish database about patient's responses to health concerns or illness and the ability to manage health care needs.
Assessment (Nursing Process) (3rd Concept): The collecting
organizing
validating
recording of data about patient's health status
ASSESSMENT- (Nursing Process): The collecting, organizing, validating, and recording of data about patien's health status.
What are the steps of the Nursig Process?: Assessment
Nursing Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
NURSING PROCESS: 3rd concept in CCM's organizing framework.
It is used in health promotion and maintenance as well as in diagnosing and treating human responses to actual or potential health problems.
Characteristics of Nursing Process are:: Cyclic and dynamic
organized and systematic
patient centered
interpersonal and collaborative
universally applicable
adaptation or problem solving techniques
DIAGNOSING (Nursing Process): This is analyzing and interpreting data
Identifying patient problems
Formulating nursing diagnosis
Docmenting nursing diagnosis
Purpose of PLANNING (Nursing Process): To deveelop and individualized care plan that specifies patient goals and expected outcomes and related interventions.
PLANNING involves the ability to: (Nursing Process): Set priorities, goals and outcomes
in callaboration with patient

Write goals/outcome criteria

Select Nursing strategies and interactions

Consult with other professionals

Write and communicate plan
PLANNING (Nursing Process): This is determining how to prevent, reduce or resolve the identified patient problems

The establishment of patient-centered goals and expected outcomes

Establishing priorities

Selecting interventions
EVALUATION ACTIVITIES (Process): Collaborate w/ patient and collect data related to expected outcomes

Judge whether goals and outcome have been achieved

Make desicions about problem status

Review & Modify plan if indicated
What is the purpose of EVALUATING in the Nursing Process?: The purpose of EVALUATING is to determine the extent to which goals and outcomes have been achieved and to determine whether to continue, modify, or terminate the plan of care.
EVALUATION (Process): This is measuring the degree to which goals and outcomes have been achieved

Identifying factors that positively or negatively influenced goal achievment.
IMPLEMENTATION ACTIVITIES- (Process): Reassess patient to update data-base

Determine the need for Nursing Assistance

Perform or delegate planned Nursing Interventions

Communicate inerventions
*document care & patient response
*Give verbal reports as necessary
IMPLEMENTATION (Process): Carrying out the planned nursing interventions for the following purposes

* to assist the patient to meet desired goals and outcomes
*to prevent illness and disease
*to facilitate coping with health problems

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