Intro to psych exam #3
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- Factors that Motivate Eating
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Psychological
Biological
Social
Cultural - Factors involved in eating
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Hypothalamus
Psychological response - Oral Signals
- Taste
- Stretch and sensory receptors
- Located in the stomach and signal satisfaction
- Chemical Signals
- Hormons, like insulin
- Hypothalamus
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iniating and supressing eating
Lateral- when to eat
Ventromedial- when to stop eating - Psychological response
- Not hungry but want it
- Eating Disorders
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A psychological disorder characterized by:
Disturbed patterns of eating
Maladaptive ways of controlling body weight - Eating disorder facts
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present in women more
Begin in early adulthood
2 million college women have eating disorders - Diagnostic Features of Anorexia Nervosa
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.5% or women
Refusal to maintain body weight
Strong fear of gaining weight
Distorted body image
Absence of 3 or more menstrual cycles - Subtypes of Anorexia Nervosa
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Binge eating/Purging type
Restrictive type - Binge eating/Purging type
- They do it to get thinner
- Restrictive type
- obessivly control diet by counting food
- Medical Complications of Anorexia
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Examples include:
Dry, cracking skin
Fine hair
Heart irregularities
Low blood pressure
Gastrointestinal problems
Muscle weakness - Dagnostic features of Bulimia Nervosa
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1-3% of women
Recurrent episodes of binge eating(5,000 to 10,000 calories) as shown by both eating unusual high amout of food in 2 hour period and the loss of control over food intake.
Regular inappropiate behavior to prevent weight gain
A minimum average of 2 episodes per week over at least a 3 month time period
Persistent over concern with weight and shape
They purge so they don't gain weight NOT TO BE THIN - Medical Complications of Bulimia
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Skin irritaion around the mouth
Decay of tooth enamel
Abdominal pain
Disrupted menstrual functions
Muscle weakness
Cardiac irregularities - Causes of Eating disorders
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Sociocultural factors
Psychosocial factors
Family factors
Biologial factors - Sociocultural Factors
- Pressure to obtain a unrealistic image. Like media images
- Psychosocial Factors
- Got to be perfect
- Family Factors
- Your family tells you that you are fat
- Biological Factors
- They have low levels of seratome
- Treatment Approaches to Eating Disorders
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Family therapy to solve family issues
Behavioral therapy for weight gain
CBT for self-defeating thoughts
Anti-depressants - Sexual Motivation
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Differences between:
Sex and other motives
nonhumans and humans sexual motives - approiate vs notapproiate
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Approiate for a speices to live longer
Not Approiate for just one person
We do it for pleasure - Research on Sexual Motivations
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Masters & Johnson
Results(1966)
Cycle respons to sexual behavior with 4 stages -
1. Stage
Excitement -
Beginning of arousal
Bodily changes- pluse increase, increase breathing
Blood flow increases to genitals -
2. Stage
Plateau -
Physical arousal builds
Penis becomes fully erect
Clitoris withdrawals under clitoral hood
Vaginal lubrication continues -
3. stage
Orgasm -
It is the shortest phase
Blood pressure and heart rate reach peak
Muscles contract in:
Vaginal walls and uterus
Penis
Men= 1 intense orgasm
Women= multiple orgasms -
4. Stage
Resolution -
Arousal slouly subsides
Body returns to normal rates
Males experience refractory period - Sexual Behavior in Aulthood
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National health and social life survey- asked about first sexual experience
Adults (50-59) first sexual experience
now only 1/3 - Marriage
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By age 30, 90% have married
Majority are faithful - How often do people have sex
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1/3 have sex more than 2 times a week
1/3 have sex more than 2 times a month
1/3 have sex 2 or less times a year - Sexual behavior in adulthood
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Married/cohabiting- most are having sex
85% report being physically and staifactlly statisfed - Sexual Fantasies
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95% or people report sexual daydreams
Men have more daydreams then women - 3 most common sexual fantasies
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Reliving and exciting sexual experience
Imagining sex with current partner
Imagining sex with different partner - ways Men and Women Differ
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Roles
Images
Multiple Partners - Roles
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Men are more aggressive
Women are more passive - Images and Multiple Parners
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Men are more explict they picture things
Women are more romantic they like candles and flowers - Preferred Sexual Activites
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Vaginal Intercourse
Watching Partner undress
Receiving oral sex
Giving oral sex