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Terms
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- asymptomatic carriers
- A carrier that is infected but show no symptoms
- Incubation carriers
- Spread the infectious agent during its incubation period.
- Convelescent carriers
- Recuperating patients.
- chronic carriers
- Harbor the infectious agent long after recovery.
- Passive/Contact carriers
- Individuals transmit the infectious agent from an infected patient to other patients.
-
asymptomatic carriers
Incubation carriers
Convelescent carriers
chronic carriers
Passive/Contact carriers - Name the Human Reseviors or carriers?
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Human Reservoirs/carriers
Animal reservoirs
Nonliving reservoirs - Name all types of reservoirs.
- Animal reservoirs
-
Zoonosis
Wild and domestic animals - Nonliving reservoirs
- Soil and water
- Zoonosis
- animal disease which can be transmitted to humans.
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Direct contact
Indirect contact
Droplet Transmission - What are the 3 different types of contact transmissions?
- Direct contact
-
Handshaking, kissing, sexual contact.
Transfusions and Transplants, Placental transfer - Indirect contact
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Fomite
Any nonliving object involved in the spread of infection - Droplet Transmission
- Droplet nuclei
- Vehicle transmission
- Transmission by some medium, such as food, water, airborne transmission (MORE than one meter from reservoir to host), body fluids, drugs or intravenous fluids.
- Nosocomial infection
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Hospital acquired infections
3 factors
Microorganism in the hospital
Compromised host
Chain of transmission - 2 million
- How many people get sick from nosocomial infection every year?
- 20,000 deaths
- How many people die from nosocomial infection every year?
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3 factors
Microorganism in the hospital
Compromised host
Chain of transmission - what are the 3 factors of the nosocomial infection?
- Vectors
-
Animals that carry pathogens from one host to another.
Mechanical
Biological
Anthropod - Anthropod Vectors
- insect vectors
- Mechanical vectors
- Insect carries pathogen on feet or other body part.
- Biological vectors
- Insect bites infected person -> pathogens reproduce in the vector -> transmitted to humans by bite or feces while biting.
- Epidemiology
-
(among or upon the people)
The study of disease within a population.
Concerned with collecting data and analyzing data.
Causative agents, sources of infection, modes of transmission, Morbidity, mortality, and geographical distribution of disease. - Descriptive epidemiology
- Concerned with collecting data
- Analytical epidemiology
- analyzing data
- Contract tracing
- Causative agents, sources of infection, modes of transmission
- Experimental Epidemiology
- Test hypothesis such as the effectiveness of a drug.
- Case Reporting
- Notifiable disease
- nationwide
- CDC
- Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
- What does MMWR stand for?
- Worldwide
- World health organization (WHO)