BIO 19 - 21
Terms
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- What is the % of DNA expressed in the eukaryotic genome at any one time?
- 1%
- Do muscle cells and nerve cells have different genetic information?
- No
- What is the function of methylated DNA?
- Methylated DNA has an extra methane that prevents it from being transcribed
- In prokaryotic cells, how does the primary transcript compare to processed mRNA?
- They're both functional
- Moving a part of one chromosome to another non-homologous chromosome is called?
- Translocation
- Can certain genes increase in number in a cell? Can they be lost?
- Gene amplification. Yes, in deletion.
- What kind of hormone can have a direct effect of promoting transcription?
- Steroid hormones
- List two things that pseudogenes lack.
-
p. 359
-Doesn't yield functinoal products
-Lack promoter region for transcription and doesn't get transcribed - What is unique sequence DNA?
- Only one copy of it
- What are chromosomal puffs and what is their significance?
- Transcription
- List four different ways in which a proto-oncogene can be converted into an oncogene.
-
1. Translocation
2. Move promotor region in front of oncogene
3. Mutation - makes it active
4. Gene amplification - What is gene therapy?
- a healthy gene substituted for an unhealthy one
- Is gene therapy being done on somatic or germ cells?
- Somatic
- What is the function of polymerase chain reaction?
- To allow synthesis of primary copies on DNA
- What enzyme is used in the polymerase chain reaction?
- DNA polymerates
- How much growth was on the LB/Amp- petri dish? Why?
- A lot, there was no ampicillan
- How much growth was on the LB/Amp+ petri dish? Why?
-
None or little
none: didn't pick up plasmid
little: did pick up plasmid - What are the two major steps in creating a DNA fingerprint.
-
Cutting out DNA with restriction enzymes.
Use electrophloreses - What is a cloning vector? Give two examples.
-
Used to insert a gene:
1. DNA gun
2. Plasmid transformation
3. Direct insertion
4. Using virus to carry gene in
5. TI plasmid - What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis?
- To separate DNA by size
- Why do scientist like to use yeast cells in genetic experiments?
- Recombinant DNA - transformation - screen and foam
- In making recombinant DNA, what is the problem with using two different restriction enzymes?
- Don't have matching sticky ends
- Fragments of DNA that have been separated of gel electrophoresis, may or may not have a desired gene. How can the appropriate ones be identified?
- Filter paper.. use radioactive probes with single stranded DNA