Buxton Innate Immunity 4/19
Terms
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- 1. Name the three Components of Innate Immunity
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1. Physical barriers
Skin
Mucous membranes and epithelium
2. Biochemical barriers
Antimicrobial substances
Complement
Defensins, lysozyme, others
3. Cells
Phagocytes
Natural killer cells
Mast cells -
2. Where are the mast cells most abundant?
CC chemokines attract what?
CXC ? -
The skin, mucus membrances, and blood capillary
mononuclear and eosiniphils
neutrophils - 3. Three ways the Mucus membrance acts as a defense
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1. Physical barrier with mucus and cilia
2. Kill microbes with local ABx
3. Kill microes with local intraepithelial lymphocytes. -
4. Main role of complement?
Three sequential processes -
induce acute inflammation
Formation of opsonins - CB3 + IGG
Inflammation
Cell lysis -
5. Two types of phagocytes
this lymphocytes has granulated cytoplasm, and makes up 10% of lymphocytes -
Neutrophils (most numerous)
Macrophages (other fctns also)
Natural Killer Cell - 6. When you have a microbe in the tissue, more important than complement activation, this cell needs to recognize the microbe
- tissue dendritic cell (both will lead to release on inflammatory mediators
- 7.Once you get release of inflamm med. 3 things can happen
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Inflamm
Fever (IL-1)
Acute Phase Responce (Liver) IL-6 - 8. How does the innate immune system differ in recognition of microbes that the addaptive system?
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Innate is more nonspecific. (# diff microbes bind to same Mannose receptor).
Addaptive is more specific. (T cell Receptors encoded by genes) - 9. three examples of innate receptors and their different functional outcomes
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Mannose - kill the microbe
toll like recep - same
n-formylmethionyl - chemotaxic for neut, leads to migration into tissues -
10. Inflammation leads to infiltration of phagocytic neutrophils in what time period?
and time for macrophages? -
first 12-24 hours (cxc)
after 48 hours if needed (cc) -
11. 4 activators of macrophages
What is the name of the enzyme that makes RNO from membrane of phagolysosome? -
TNF, IL-12, Gamma interferon, LPS
Inducible NO synthase -
12. NK Cells and CD4 secrete this cytokine that activates macrophages
How does NK Cell RECOGNIZE cells that need to die? -
Gamma IFN
Recognize the Absence of MHC-1 (inhibitory receptor not engaged) Virus will do this, and that is how NK cells target them - 13. What is the most important cytokine that stims the liver to release acute phase proteins? Source?
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IL-6 from the macrophages, Endothelial, and T cells
Measure E- Sed rate -
Cytokine Source Role
TNF
IL-1
Chemokines
IL-12 -
Source Role
Macro, Tcell Break down muscle, fat, fever, cause apoptosis
macro, endoth Fever
same and T lymth in leuko - chemotaxiz and activation
macro, dendridic, Differential TH1 -
Cytokine Source Role
Type 1 interferon
IL-10
IL-6 -
Source Role
macro, fibro impt antiviral role (-rep)
macro TH2 anti inflamm
macro, endo, T cell Liver (see 13) and Proliferation of B cells