science (earths interior)
study guide to science test on monday.
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- what is the crust?
- a layer of rock that forms the earths surface, made of granite and basalt,and its 5-40 km. thick.
- what is the mantle?
- Directly below the crust and is made of hot rocks ,and has two different layers, the lithospere and the athenospere.
- what is the athenosphere?
- the lowermost part of the mantle. a soft layer that may bend like plastic and flow very slowly.
- desructive forces
- shape the earths surfaceby slowly wearing down landmasses on the earths surface.
- who is alfred Wegner?
- A german scientist who made a hypothosis that at one time all the continents (land masses) were once joined together and then they seperated to where they are today. this supercontinent was caled Pangea.
- what is some evidence of sea floor spreading?
- molten material, magnetic stripes, drilling samples
- what is some evidence from magnetic stripes?
- these rocks contained iron wich oriented themselves according to where magnetic north pole was located
- how did Columbus change the way we think?
- he made accurate maps.
- geology
- study of the planet earth
- what evidence for continental drift is there from climate?
- deep scatches found in rocks in africa from glaciers.
- what do geologists rely on since they cannot observe the earths interior?
- they rely on other methods of observations.
- what are the two types of forces that change the earths surface?
- constructive and desrtructive
- what is a deep ocean trench?
- there near the m.o.r. and it forms where the trench bends downward.
- what is the lithosphere?
- the uppermost part of the mantle.
- what is some evidence from drilling samples?
- scientist through samples determine the age of the rock and the youngest rocks were always at the center of the ridge.
- constructive forces
- shapes the earths surface by building mountains, valleys, islands etc...
- what is some evidence from molten material?
- found strange rocks that look like pillows or rocks that look like they have been squeezed from a tube.
- what are plate tectonics?
- the geological theory that states that peices of the earths lithosphereare in constant motion.
- what is subduction?
- the process by which the ocean floor sink beneath a deep ocean trench back into the mantle.
- what is the mid-oceanic ridge?
- the longest chain of mountains on earth. the ridge curves like a seam on a baseball into all the earths surfaces.
- what evidence is there of continental drift?
- landforms,fossils,climate
- what is the core?
- the core consists of two parts, liquid outer core and a solid inner core.
- what would you have to withstand to travel to the center of the earth?
- a range of temperature and extreme pressure
- wegners idea that the continents drifted apart was called what?
- continental drift
- what evidence for continental drift is there from fossils?
- messosaures: found in places now seperated by oceans
- what evidence for continental drift is there from landforms?
- coal fields in europe and north america
- what is sea floor spreading?
- the process off continual sea floor renewal.
- who is harry hess?
- proposed the idea that ocean floors move like a conveyor belt carrying the continents along with them.