Physics exam bits
Terms
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- eardrum
- tightly stretched membrane located at the end of the ear canal that vibrates when struck by sound waves
- reflection
- bounces off
- cornea
- clear film that cover iris
- reverberation
- combination of reflected sound waves
- cones
- receptor cells in the retina allowing us to see in color
- noise
- a mixture of sound waves with no pleasing timbre and no identifiable pitch
- inner ear
- the innermost part of the ear, containing the cochlea, semicircular canals, and auditory nerves.
- lens
- directly behind the pupil designed to focus and bend light onto the retina
- opaque
- the term describing matter that does not transmit any light
- sonar
- SOund Navigation And Ranging system that uses high frequency ultrasonic waves
- rods
- receptor cells in the retina responsible for black and white vision
- light
- ___ waves don't need a medium
- radar
- Radio Dection and Ranging.
- string
- ex: guitar, vibration of strings
- overtone
- sounds of higher frequencies produced when sections of a string vibrate
- decibel
- unit in which the intensity of sound is measured
- pupil
- The opening in the center of the eye that lets in light.
- middle ear
- part of the ear that contains the 3 smallest bones in the body; function is to transmit sound vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear
- quality
- property of a sound that is determined by the blendings of its fundamental tone with its overtones
- outer ear
- contains auditory canal and eardrum
- raised
- Pitch is ____ when you make a string on an instrument more tense
- middle ear
- part of the ear that contains the 3 smallest bones in the body; function is to transmit sound vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear
- ultraviolet
- fourth on the electromagnetic spectrum going from lowest to highest frequency.
- ultrasound
- sounds with frequencies higher than 20,000 hertz
- infrared waves
- second on the electromagnetic spectrum going from lowest to highest frequency. can be felt as heat
- optic nerve
- the nerve that carries neural impulses form the eye to the brain
- electromagnetic spectrum
- Arrangement of electromagnetic radiation according to wave lengths
- pitch
- How high or low sound is. depends of frequency
- hammer
- first bone in the middle ear; picks up vibrations from the eardrum
- photon
- tiny particle or 'packet' of energy
- resonance
- ability of an object to vibrate when it absorbs energy of its own natural frequency
- anvil
- where vibrations are passed on from hammer, the second, one of the smallest bones in body
- primary colors
- red, blue, and green
- primary pigments
- cyan, magenta, and yellow
- ultrasonic
- sounds above 20000 hz
- white
- primary colors combine to create _______ light
- retina
- a layer at the back of the eyeball containing cells that are sensitive to light and that trigger nerve impulses that pass via the optic nerve to the brain, where a visual image is formed.
- quality
- property of a sound that is determined by the blendings of its fundamental tone with its overtones
- prism
- A piece of glass that seperates white light into colors of the spectrum.
- refraction
- bending due to a change in speed
- Ear canal
- located between outer ear and eardrum, conducts sound waves into the ear
- cochlea
- A snail-shaped part of the ear, filled with fluid and small hairs that vibrate to incoming sound
- 340
- m/s=speed of sound
- auditory nerve
- the nerve that carries impulses from the inner ear to the brain, resulting in the sensation of sound
- percussion
- ex:drums, vibration of striking
- eardrum
- tightly stretched membrane located at the end of the ear canal that vibrates when struck by sound waves
- diffuse reflection
- is the reflection of light rays in many different directions on a rough surface
- radio waves
- first on the electromagnetic spectrum going from lowest to highest frequency.
- gamma rays
- sixth on the electromagnetic spectrum going from lowest to highest frequency. greatest penetrating ability
- woodwind
- ex: clarinet, vibration of air columns
- stirrup
- one of the three bones in the middle ear
- translucent
- allowing light to pass through but creating slight blurrines
- properties
- light includes the _____ of electrons and photons.
- hammer
- first bone in the middle ear; picks up vibrations from the eardrum
- farsightedness
- abnormal condition in which vision for distant objects is better than for near objects
- X-rays
- fifth on the electromagnetic spectrum going from lowest to highest frequency.
- outer ear
- part of the ear that funnels sound into the ear canal
- transparent
- lets light pass through unchanged
- modulation
- variation in either amplitude or frequency ; rise and fall of the voice pitch
- anvil
- second bone in the middle ear; transmits vibrations from the hammer to the stirrup
- diffraction
- bending of waves around an object
- natural frequency
- the characteristic frequency of vibration of a particular medium
- inner ear
- part of the ear that contains the liquid filled cochlea; here sound vibrations are converted into electric impulses that travel through a nerve to the brain
- 300000
- km/s is th speed of light
- ear canal
- a narrow region leading from the outside of the human ear to the eardrum
- nearsightedness
- Near objects appear clear, but faraway objects are blurry
- Doppler effect
- Change in frequency & pitch due to motion of sound source or observer
- timbre
- quality of a sound
- black
- primary pigments combine to create _______ light
- music
- definite pitch, rhythm, and pleasing quality
- acoustics
- The science of sound.
- intensity
- the amount of energy in a wave; determines loudness, Dependant on amplitude of a sound
- fundamental tone
- tone with the lowest possible frequency and pitch; occurs when a string vibrates as a whole
- visible spectrum
- third on the electromagnetic spectrum going from lowest to highest frequency. roy g biv
- stirrup
- one of the three bones in the middle ear, the third
- Iris
- a ring of muscle tissue that forms the colored portion of the eye around the pupil and controls the size of the pupil opening
- polarized light
- light that vibrates in a uniform pattern on a single plane
- regular reflection
- occurs when light hits a smooth surface
- cochlea
- snail, shell-shaped, liquid filled structure in the inner ear; contains nerve fibers and special cells that convert movements of the liquid into electric impulses transmitted to the brain
- solid
- best at transmitting sound