French Revolution
Terms
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- Guerilla Warfare
- military strategy in which an army does not engage the enemy head on
- Estates-General
- legislative body made up of representatives of the three estates in the pre-revolutionary France
- Directory
- Government set up during the French Revolution by the Constitution of 1795. Legislative power was placed in the Council of Five Hundred and the Council of Ancients
- Old Regime
- developed out of the French monarchy, everyone was seperated into 3 different estates.
- Balance of Power
- a distribution of power among nations to prevent any one nation from becoming too powerful
- Napoleon
- French general who became emperor of the French (1769-1821)
- Night session of August 4th
- Second estate gave up their nobility privileges although they had already lost them
- Louis XVI
- King of England during the French Revolution
- Tennis Court Oath
- Oath where the people of the estates swore never to seperate and to meet whenever the circumstances might require untill they have established a sound and just constitution.
- Congress of Vienna
- Meeting of representatives of European monarchs called to reestablish the old order after the defeat of Napoleon I. (p. 594)
- Bourgeoisie
- middle class
- Civil Constitution of the Clergy
- a document that ended papal authority over the French Church and dissolved convents and monestaries
- Civil Code of 1804 (Napoleonic Code)
- a group of laws made by Napoleon that embodied ENlightenment principles such as the equality of all citizens before the law, religious toleration, and the abolition of feudalism.
- Continental System
- Napoleon's efforts to block foreign trade with England by forbidding Importation of British goods Into Europe.
- National Assembly
- French Revolutionary assembly (1789-1791). Called first as the Estates General, the three estates came together and demanded radical change. It passed the Declaration of the Rights of Man in 1789. (p. 585)
- Declaration of the Rights of Man & Citizen
- Statement of fundamental political rights adopted by the French National Assembly at the beginning of the French Revolution. (p. 586)
- Olympe de Gouges
- published the declaration of rights of women and the female citizens and was guillotined because of it
- Sans-Culottes
- working class men and women
- Women's March on Versailles
- October 4, 1789~women demanding bread for their families
- Storming of the Bastille
- Commoners stormed the prison doors for weapons to fight off the king's guards
- Jacobins
- Radical republicans during the French Revolution. They were led by Maximilien Robespierre from 1793 to 1794.
- Committee of Public Safety
- The leaders under Robespierre who organized the defenses of France, conducted foreign policy, and centralized authority during the period 1792-1795.
- Reign of Terror
- between 1793 and 1794 revolutionary leaders executed 17,000 people who opposed the revolution
- Robespierre
- radical who was in charge of the great fear, then he was later killed by the gulliotine