Age of Religious Wars
Terms
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- Identify 3 freedoms gauranteed to Huguenots by the Edict of Nantes.
- worship, assembly, attend university, fortify towns, hold public office
- What was the name of the treaty that ended the 30 years War?
- Treaty of Westphalia
- What treaty brought the lower 10 provinces of the Netherlands together with the upper 7?
- Pacification of Ghent
- What event provided inspiration for Protestants and marked the beginning of the end for Spain?
- Defeat of the Armada
- What was the outcome, other than dead people, of the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre?
- It marked the renewal of religious civil war in France
- What was the massacre of 7000 Protestants in Antwerp called?
- Spanish Fury
- What catholic nation aided Protestant Sweden during the 30 Years War
- France-as a way to check the power of Hapsburg Spain
- What was the name of French Protestants?
- Huguenots
- What event "triggered" the 30 Years War?
- the defenstration of Prague
- What was Phillip II's religious justification for invading the Netherlands?
- enforcing the Council of Trent-religious unity
- Why did Catholic France (Richelieu) assist Catholic Sweden in the 30 years War?
- to check the power of the Hapsburgs (Catholic)
- What treaty brought English help to Protestants fighting in France & the Netherlands?
- Treaty of Nonsuch
- What religion is most of modern day Belgium?
- Catholic
- What were the 4 main areas (geographical) of fighting during the Age of Religious Wars.
- France (civil wars), England VS Spain (Armada) Spain VS Dutch in Netherlands & 30 Years War in German states
- Who wanted to rid the Anglican Church of all "Catholic" practices & structures?
- Puritans
- What areas of Europe had Calvinist majorities?
- Netherlands, Switzerland, Scotland
- What was the name of the extreme Puritans-many of whom would flee to the New World?
- Congregationalists
- How did Calvinists organize the churches and government?
- locally
- Name 2 of 3 areas that Phillip II tried to conquer.
- Netherlands, Portugal, and England
- What does cuius regio, eius religio mean?
- The ruler determines the religion of the land-this was established at the Peace of Augsburg in 1555
- Who did Spain support in the 30 Years War?
- HRE (Ferdinand)
- What areas of Europe held Lutheran majorities by the end of the 16th century?
- Denmark, Sweden, Norway, northern Germany
- What was the name of the Spanish fleet that invaded England in 1588?
- the Spanish Armada-130 ships, 25,000 soldiers
- Name 2 things that brought about the demise of the Spanish Armada.
- wind, English ships, tactics, sea dogs
- What percentage of French aristocracy joined the Huguenots to protest the Guise controlled monarchy?
- 40
- What militant Catholic family did Catherine de Medici most often conspire with to suppress the Huguenots?
- the Guise
- What "Catholic" & "Protestant" elements were in the Elizabethan Settlement?
- C-Church hierarchy & ceremony; P-Book of Common Prayer/doctrine
- List the 4 phases of the 30 Years War
- 1=Bohemian, 2=Danish, 3=Swedish, 4=Swedish/French
- What were the 2 main religious groups that fought wars in the 17th century?
- Catholics & Protestants-mainly Calvinists
- What tactics did the Dutch resisters use against the Spanish army?
- guerilla, piracy
- How did Henry of Navarre (Henry IV) bring an end to the religious conflict in France?
- converting to Catholicism (Paris is worth a Mass) & the Edict of Nantes
- What monarch tried to "re-introduce" Catholicism in England?
- Mary Tudor (Bloody Mary)
- Why was Mary, QOS such a bad match for Scotland?
- very French & Catholic
- In 1571, the Spanish ended Turkish control of the Mediterranean at which famous naval battle?
- Lepanto
- Why did the English want to keep the Spanish out of the Netherlands?
- fear of invasion, trade rivalry
- What was the Elizabethan Settlement?
- a moderate religious policy-Catholic hierarchy & Protestant doctrine. You had to attend church-but there would be no witch
- Name some groups that supported the Protestant cause in the 30 Years War.
- Swedes, Danes, Dutch
- What were some the the results of the 30 Years War?
- 1/3 of German population killed, Europe divided religiously, Calvinism now recognized, Switz & Neth. are independent, empire (HRE) economy weakened, England becomes a naval power
- What was Spain's most valuable land in Europe?
- the Netherlands
- What country was formed by the lower 10 provinces of the Netherlands?
- Spanish Netherlands, which became Belgium
- How did families like the Medicis and Fuggers exert their power?
- lending money to key people
- Where was the 30 Years War fought?
- the German states