Ancient Greece
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Aristocracy
- the most powerful members of a society
- Peloponnesian War
- a war between Athens and Sparta, 431-404 b.c., that resulted in the transfer of hegemony in Greece from Athens to Sparta.
- Mycenaeans
- A group of people that were warlike and measured wealth by the number of weapons they owned.
- Helots
- Slaves to the Spartans that revolted and nearly destroyed Sparta in 650 B.C.E.
- Tyranny
- a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)
- Delian League
- confederacy of ancient Greek states led by Athens and based on the island of Delos
- Solon
- the Greek statesman and poet Solon (active 594 B.C.) formulated an influential code of laws and has been regarded as the founder of Athenian democracy
- Homer
- ancient Greek epic poet who wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey
- Socrates
- philosopher who believed in an absolute right or wrong; asked students pointed questions to make them use their reason, later became Socratic method
- Pisistratus
- 560 B.C.-527 B.C. Athenian tyrant remembered for encouraging athletic contests and literary efforts
- Polis
- Greek city-state
- Monarchy
- Government by a single, sovereign ruler.
- Alexander the Great
- king of Macedon; conqueror of Greece and Egypt and Persia; founder of Alexandria (356-323 BC)
- Aristotle
- Greek philosopher. A pupil of Plato, the tutor of Alexander the Great, and the author of works on logic, metaphysics, ethics, natural sciences, politics, and poetics, he profoundly influenced Western thought. In his philosophical system, which led him to criticize what he saw as Plato's metaphysical excesses, theory follows empirical observation and logic, based on the syllogism, is the essential method of rational inquiry.
- Sparta
- an ancient Greek city famous for military prowess
- Oligarchy
- a political system governed by a few people
- Herodotus
- 484 B.C.-425 B.C. the first Greek writer who succeeded in writing a large-scale historical narrative that has survived the passage of time
- Dorian Invasions
- Cerca 1100 BCE-900 BCE: The invasion of the Dorian civilization into Mycenaean territory. Once the Mycenaean nation ended ,the Greek culture took a step back; skills, such as writing, were forgotten.
- Plato
- Greek philosopher. A follower of Socrates, he presented his ideas through dramatic dialogues, in the most celebrated of which (The Republic) the interlocutors advocate a utopian society ruled by philosophers trained in Platonic metaphysics. He taught and wrote for much of his life at the Academy, which he founded near Athens in 386.
- Persian Wars
- 492 B.C.-449 B.C. series of wars between Greek states and Persia, particularly two invasions of Greece by Persia
- Pericles
- 495B.C.-429 B.C. the leading statesman of Athens for an unprecedented period and brought it to the height of its political power and its artistic achievement
- Minoans
- a culture that lived in Greece between 3000 B.C. and 1400 B.C.
- Archon
- Chief magistrates of Greek city states.
- Acropolis
- A hill on which the people in a Greek city built their main temple
- Democracy
- a political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them
- Ostracism
- temporary banishment of a citizen, decided upon by popular vote.
- Hoplite
- a heavily armed Greek foot soldier
- Thucydides
- ancient Greek historian remembered for his history of the Peloponnesian War (460-395 BC)
- Cleisthenes
- 600 B.C.-570 B.C. tyrant of Sicyon; taken a leading part in the Sacred War
- Athens
- the capital and largest city of Greece
- Hellenistic Age
- The period from the death of Alexander the Great in 323 b.c. to the middle of the first century b.c. It was marked by Greek and Macedonian emigration to areas conquered by Alexander and by the spread of Greek civilization from Greece to northern India.
- Ephors
- a group of 5 officials that helped govern Sparta with the Concil of Elders
- Phalanx
- any closely ranked crowd of people
- Hellenic Culture
- the specific artifacts of the ancients as well as the ideas and ideals of democracy, beauty and balance.