Famous Quotes
Terms
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- Author of Catcher in the Rye
- JD Salinger
- "Den they’d tell me not to be takin’ on over ... mah looks ‘cause they mama told ‘em ‘bout de hound dawgs huntin’ mah papa all night long. ‘Bout Mr. Washburn and de sheriff puttin’ de bloodhounds on de trail tuh ketch mah papa for whut h
- Their Eyes Were Watching God Nora Neale Hurston
- Pride and Prejudice
- Jane Austin
- "Vanity and pride are different things, though the words are often used synonymously. A person may be proud without being vain. Pride relates more to our opinion of ourselves, vanity to what we would have others think of us."
- Pride and Prejudice Jane Austin
- Middlemarch
- George Eliot
- Signs are small measurable things, but interpretations are illimitable, and in girls of sweet, ardent nature, every sign is apt to conjure up wonder, hope, belief, vast as a sky, and colored by a diffused thimbleful of matter in the shape of knowledge.
- Middlemarch George Eliot
- The Awakening
- Kate Chopin
- Mrs. Dalloway
- Virginia Woolf
- For Heaven only knows why one loves it so, how one sees it so, making it up, building it round one, tumbling it, creating it every moment afresh; but the veriest frumps, the most dejected of miseries sitting on doorsteps (drink their downfall) do the same
- Mrs. Dalloway Virginia Woolf
- A literary and philosophical movement, associated with Ralph Waldo Emerson and Margaret Fuller, asserting the existence of an ideal spiritual reality that transcends the empirical and scientific and is knowable through intuition.
- Transcendentalism
-
Factual or realistic representation, especially:
1. The practice of describing precisely the actual circumstances of human life in literature. - Naturalism
- one of two or more words pronounced alike but different in meaning or derivation or spelling
- homophone
- study of language meaning
- semantics
- A theory of grammar that accounts for the constructions of a language by linguistic transformations and phrase structures.
- transformational grammar
- an approach to the written and spoken language that focuses on the mechanics and construction of sentences
- structural grammar
- " . . . I wish you to know that you have been the last dream of my soul. In my degradation I have not been so degraded but that the sight of you with your father, and of this home made such a home by you, has stirred old shadows that I thought had died ou
- Tales of Two Cities Charles Dickens
- Before this ugly edifice, and between it and the wheel-track of the street, was a grass-plot, much overgrown with burdock, pig-weed, apple-pern, and such unsightly vegetation, which evidently found something congenial in the soil that had so early borne t
- Nathaniel Hawthorne Scarlett Letter
- The Picture of Dorian Gray
- Oscar Wilde
- "How sad it is! I shall grow old, and horrid, and dreadful. But this picture will remain always young. It will never be older than this particular day of June. . . . If it was only the other way! If it was I who were to be always young, and the picture th
- Dorian Gray Oscar Wilde
- It was already one in the morning; the rain pattered dismally against the panes, and my candle was nearly burnt out, when, by the glimmer of the half-extinguished light, I saw the dull yellow eye of the creature open . . .
- Frankenstien Mary Shelley
- Frakenstein
- Mary Shelley
- 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea
- Judith Verne
- Age of Innocence
- Edith Wharton
- Alice in Wonderland
- Lewis Carrol
- Anne of Green Gables
- Lucy Montegomery
- I know not if this earth on which I stand is the core of the universe or if it is but a speck of dust lost in eternity. I know not and I care not. For I know what happiness is possible to me on earth.
- Anthem, Ayn Rand
- Anthem
- Ayn Rand
- "There is no religion without love, and people may talk as much as they like about their religion, but if it does not teach them to be good and kind to man and beast it is all a sham . . . "
- Black Beauty Anna Seawell
- Black Beauty
- Anna Seawell
- Call of the Wild
- Jack London
- "There are some upon this earth of yours," returned the Spirit, "who lay claim to know us, and who do their deeds of passion, pride, ill-will, hatred, envy, bigotry, and selfishness in our name, who are as strange to us and all out kith and kin, as if the
- A Christmas Carol Charles Dickens
- A Christmas Carol
- Charles Dickens
- A Connecticut Yankee
- Mark Twain
- They wanted to speak, but could not; tears stood in their eyes. They were both pale and thin; but those sick pale faces were bright with the dawn of a new future, of a full resurrection into a new life. They were renewed by love; the heart of each held in
- Crime and Punishment Fyodor Dostoevsky
- Crime and Punishment
- Fyodor Dostoevsky
- Annual income twenty pounds, annual expenditure nineteen nineteen and six, result happiness. Annual income twenty pounds, annual expenditure twenty pounds ought and six, result misery.
- David Copperfield Charles Dickens
- David Copperfield
- Charles Dickens
- Then a dog began to howl somewhere in a farmhouse far down the road, a long, agonized wailing, as if from fear. The sound was taken up by another dog, and then another and another, till, borne on the wind which now sighed softly through the Pass, a wild h
- Dracula Bram Stroker
- Dracula
- Bram Stroker
- " . . . You have been in every prospect I have ever seen since - on the river, on the sails of the ships, on the marshes, in the clouds, in the light, in the darkness, in the wind, in the woods, in the sea, in the streets. You have been the embodiment of
- Great Expectations Charles Dickens
- Great Expectations
- Charles Dickens
- In the immutability of their surroundings the foreign shores, the foreign faces, the changing immensity of life, glide past, veiled not by a sense of mystery but by a slightly disdainful ignorance; for there is nothing mysterious to a seaman unless it be
- Heart of Darkness Joseph Conrad
- Heart of Darkness
- Joseph Conrad
- "Axel," replied the Professor with perfect coolness, "our situation is almost desperate; but there are some chances of deliverance, and it is these that I am considering. If at every instant we may perish, so at every instant we may be saved. Let us then
- Journey to the Center of the Earth Jules Verne
- Journey to the Center of the Earth
- Jules Verne
- On mounting a rising ground, which brought the figure of his fellow-traveller in relief against the sky, gigantic in height, and muffled in a cloak, Ichabod was horror-struck on perceiving that he was headless!--but his horror was still more increased on
- Sleepy Hollow Washington Irving
- Sleepy Hollow
- Washington Irving
- Beth could not reason upon or explain the faith that gave her courage and patience to give up life, and cheerfully wait for death. Like a confiding child, she asked no questions, but left everything to God and nature, Father and Mother of us all, feeling
- Little Women Louisa Alcott
- Little Women
- Louisa Alcott
- Moby Dick
- Herman Melville
- The memories which peaceful country scenes call up, are not of this world, nor of its thoughts and hopes. Their gentle influence may teach us how to weave fresh garlands for the graves of those we loved: may purify our thoughts, and bear down before it ol
- Oliver Twist Charles Dickens
- Oliver Twist
- Charles Dickens
-
And God made two great lights, great for their use
To Man, the greater to have rule by day,
The less by night . . . - John Milton
- Paradise Lost
- John Milton
- "Kings cannot ennoble thee, thou good, great soul, for One who is higher than kings hath done that for thee; but a king can confirm thy nobility to men."
- Prince and the Pauper Mark Twain
- Prince and the Pauper
- Mark Twain
- "The great secret, Eliza, is not having bad manners or good manners or any other particular sort of manners, but having the same manner for all human souls: in short, behaving as if you were in Heaven, where there are no third-class carriages, and one sou
- Pygmalion George Shaw
- Pygmalion
- George Shaw
- One of the new things people began to find out in the last century was that thoughts--just mere thoughts--are as powerful as electric batteries--as good for one as sunlight is, or as bad for one as poison.
- Frances Burnett
- The Secret Garden
- Frances Brunett
- It is not time or opportunity that is to determine intimacy;-- it is disposition alone. Seven years would be insufficient to make some people acquainted with each other, and seven days are more than enough for others.
- Sense and Sensability Jane Austin
- Sense and Sensibility
- Jane Austin
- His friends were those of his own blood or those whom he had known the longest; his affections, like ivy, were the growth of time, they implied no aptness in the object.
- Robert Lewis Stevenson Dr. Jekyl and Mr. Hyde
- Dr. Jekyl and Mr. Hyde
- Robert Lewis Stevenson
- For many days we had been tempest-tossed. Six times had the darkness closed over a wild and terrific scene, and returning light as often brought but renewed distress, for the raging storm increased in fury until on the seventh day all hope was lost.
- Johann Wyss Swiss Family Robinson
- Swiss Family Robinson
- Johann Wyss
- Looking at these stars suddenly dwarfed my own troubles and all the gravities of terrestrial life. I thought of their unfathomable distance, and the slow inevitable drift of their movements out of the unknown past into the unknown future.
- The Time Machine H.G. Wells
- The Time Machine
- H.G. Wells
- Treasure Island
- Robert Lewis Stevenson
- "No, you are not worthy of the love which I have devoted to you. I knew all along that the prize I had set my life on was not worth the winning; that I was a fool, with fond fancies, too, bartering away my all of truth and ardour against your little feebl
- Vanity Fair William Thackeray
- Vanity Fair
- William Thackeray
- War of the Worlds
- H.G. Wells
- books are a type of fiction that contain elements such as characters or settings that could not exist in life as we know it today. Examples include characters such as dragons or animals with human characteristics. Settings might be magical or other-world.
- Fantasy Genre
- books are those that give a historically accurate portrayal of life during a particular time in history. They have a strong sense of place and time.
- Historical Fiction
- books are stories that involve a suspenseful event (often a crime of some type). The reader uses clues from the story and gradually discovers who has committed the crime to solve the mystery by the end of the story.
- Mystery Genre
- are stories that have been passed down to us over the years by real people. There are many types of folktales, including fables, tall tales, myths, and fairy tales
- Folktale Genre
- Something that is misplaced in a story because it is out of time. In Julius Caesar, a clock strikes though there were no clocks in Caesar’s day. In the movie Ben-Hur, Charlton Heston anachronistically wears a wristwatch during the chariot race
- anachronicsm
- A word or name created by mixing up the letters of another word. For example, Samuel Butler’s Erewhon is an _________ for the word nowhere.
- anagram
- literally means "change of name" and it is essentially just that. When we name a thing by calling it by something that is closely related to it, we use
- metonymy
- A paradox is a statement or situation that contradicts itself.
- Paradox
- This is French for “unknotting†and is essentially the wrapping up of all the loose details of the plot in order to satisfy the reader or audience
- Denouement
- The theory of versification or the theory of poetry
- Prosody
-
often contained an implicit moral dimension, and sometimes even a religious one
including: TS Eliot or Gerard Hopkins - New Criticism
-
* Oscar Wilde, Walter Pater, Harold Bloom
- Aestheticism
- situates literature in the context of evolution and natural selection
- Darwinian literary studies
- a strategy of close reading that elicits the ways that key terms and concepts may be paradoxical or self-undermining, rendering their meaning undecidable
- Deconstruction
-
which emphasizes themes of class conflict
* Georg Lukács, Valentin Voloshinov, Raymond Williams, Terry Eagleton, Fredric Jameson, Theodor Adorno, Walter Benjamin,
- Marxism
-
which looked at literary works on the basis of what is written, and not at the goals of the author or biographical issues
* W.K. Wimsatt, F.R. Leavis, John Crowe Ransom, Cleanth Brooks, Robert Penn Warren
- New Criticism
- which examines the work through its historical context and seeks to understand cultural and intellectual history through literature
- New Historicism
-
focuses on the influences of colonialism in literature, especially regarding the historical conflict resulting from the exploitation of less developed countries and indigenous peoples by western nations
* Edward Said, Gayatri Chakravorty Spiva - Post Colonialism
-
criticism of the conditions present in the twentieth century, often with concern for those viewed as social deviants or the Other
* Michel Foucault, Roland Barthes, Gilles Deleuze, Félix Guattari and Maurice Blanchot
- Post Modernism
- catch-all term for various theoretical approaches (such as deconstruction) that criticize or go beyond
- Post Structuralism
-
Explores the role of consciousnesses and the unconscious in literature including that of the author, reader, and characters in the text
* Sigmund Freud, Jacques Lacan, Harold Bloom, Slavoj Žižek, Viktor Tausk
- Psycholanalysis
- Though perhaps Edwardian in style, this approach — essentially one of trying to broaden understanding and appreciation — is still used in general surveys of English literature. There is usually some information on the writer and his times, and a littl
- Traditional
- The poem (the approach works best for poetry, and especially the lyric) is detached from its biographical or historical context, and analyzed thoroughly: diction, imagery, meanings, particularly complexities of meaning. Some explanation of unfamiliar word
- New Criticism
-
literary, and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Western Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution
Edgar Allan Poe and Nathaniel Hawthorne, - Romanticism
- refers to the trend, beginning with certain works of nineteenth-century French literature and extending to late-nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century authors in various countries, towards depictions of contemporary life and society "as they were.
- Literary Realism
- literary movement taking place from 1880s to 1940s that used detailed realism to suggest that social conditions, heredity, and environment had inescapable force in shaping human character. (Charles Darwin, John Steinbeck, Jack London, Edith Wharton)
- Naturalism
- cultural movement that began in the early 1920s, and is best known for the visual artworks and writings of the group members; Surrealist works feature the element of surprise, unexpected juxtapositions
- Surealism
- normally revolved around the idea of individualism, mistrust of institutions (government, religion), and the disbelief of any absolute truths; a literary movement reached its height in Europe between 1900 and the middle 1920s. (Joyce, Eliot, Woolf)
- Modernist literature
- the era in Western philosophy and intellectual, scientific and cultural life, centered upon the eighteenth century, in which reason was advocated as the primary source for legitimacy and authority. (Voltaire and Rousseau)
- Age of Enlightenment
- culture characterized by the rejection of objective truth and global cultural narrative. emphasizes the role of language, power relations, and motivations; in particular it attacks the use of sharp classifications such as male versus female
- Postmodernism
- William Burroughs, Giannina Braschi, Kurt Vonnegut, John Barth, Donald Barthelme, E.L. Doctorow, Jerzy Kosinski, Don DeLillo, Thomas Pynchon, Ishmael Reed, Kathy Acker, Ana Lydia Vega
- Postmodernism
- from Ancient Greek σÏνταξις "arrangement" from σÏν syn, "together", and τάξις táxis, "an ordering") is the study of the principles and rules for constructing sentences in natural languages.
- Syntax
- (from the Greek: φωνή, phÅnÄ“, "sounds, voices", pronounced /fɵˈnÉ›tɨks/) is a branch of linguistics that comprises the study of the sounds of human speech.
- Phonetics
- the study of the history of words and how their form and meaning have changed over time.
- etymology
- the study of meaning in language
- semantics
- where a word, term, notation, sign, symbol, phrase, sentence, or any other form used for communication, is called ___________if it can be interpreted in more than one way.
- ambuigty
- is a substitution with an agreeable or less offensive expression in place of one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant to the receiver,[1] or to make it less troublesome for the speaker, as in the case of doublespeak.
- Euphemism
- is any language that deliberately disguises, distorts, or reverses the meaning of words, resulting in a communication bypass. (could be considered a euphemism)
- Doublespeak
- the suggesting of a meaning by a word apart from the thing it explicitly names or describes b : something suggested by a word or thing
- Connotation
- : confused unintelligible language b : a strange, outlandish, or barbarous language or dialect
- Jargon
- grading something based on the whole assignment rather than the sum of its parts
- holistic scoring
- is a type of writing, the purpose of which is to inform, explain, describe,
- expository writing
- the distinguishing character, sentiment, moral nature, or guiding beliefs of a person, group, or institution
- ethos
- governs human reason based on a higher power or conscience
- logos
-
an element in experience or in artistic representation evoking pity or compassion
2 : an emotion of sympathetic pity - pathos