Western Art I
Terms
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- term: sculpture in the round
- A three-dimenional sculpture.
- term: relief sculpture
- Surrounding material is carved away, making a background that sets off a projecting figure.
- Work: Lion-Human
- Germany, c. 30,000-26,000 BCE
- Work: Woman From Willendorf
- Austria. c. 24,000 BCE.
- Work: Wall Painting with Horses, Rhinoceroses, and Aurochs
- Chauvet Cave, France. c 32,000-30,000 BCE
- term: composite pose
- Most characteristic features are emphasized: certain body parts are seen from the front, while others are seen in profile.
- Work: Bird-Headed Man With Bison
- Lascaux Cave. c. 15,000 BCE
- Work: Tomb Interior with Corbeling and Engraved Stones
- Newegrange, Ireland. c. 3000-2500 BCE
- term: megalithic architecture
- Structures made from huge stones, derived from Greek words for "large" (mega-) and "stone" (lithos)
- term: corbeling
- Rows or layers of stone are laid with the end of each row projecting beyond the row beneath, continuing until the opposing layers almost meet, and capped with a stone that rests across the tops of both layers.
- term: post-and-lintel construction
- Two upright posts support a horizontal element (lintel).
- Work: Stonehenge
- Salisbury Plain, Wiltshire, England. c. 2900-1500 BCE
- term: henge
- Circle of stones or posts, often surrounded by a ditch with built-up embankments.
- work: Stele of Naram-Sin
- Sippar. c 2254-2216 BCE.
- term: hieratic scale
- Artistic practice where relative size indicates relative importance.
- term: cuneiform
- wedge-shaped symbols
- term: stele
- upright stone slab
- work: Carved Vessel
- Uruk. c. 3300-3000 BCE
- term: ziggurats
- huge stepped structures with a temple or shrine on top
- term: registers
- horizontal bands
- work: Votive Figures
- Eshnunna. c. 2900-2600 BCE
- term: provenance
- the history of the possession of a piece of art
- term: votive
- images dedicated to the gods
- work: Nanna Ziggurat
- Ur. c 2100-2050 BCE
- work: Votive Statue of Gudea
- Girsu. c 2090 BCE
- work: Stele of Hammurabi
- Susa. c 1792-1750 BCE
- work: Assurnasirpal II Killing Lions
- Kalhu. c 875-860 BCE
- work: Guardian Figures at Citadel of Sargon II
- Dur Sharrukin. c 721-706 BCE
- term: lamassus
- guardian figures that combined the bearded head of a man, body of a bull or lion, wings of an eagle, and the horned headdress of a god.
- work: Palette of Narmer
- Hierakonpolis. c 2950 BCE
- term: mastaba
- flat-topped, one story building with slanted walls erected above an underground burial chamber.
- term: necropolis
- a city of the dead
- term: ka
- the spirit
- work: Funerary Complex of Dsojer at Saqqara
- By Imhotep. Saqqara. c 2630-2575 BCE.
- work: Great Pyramids at Giza
- Giza. c 2575-2450 BCE
- term: idealization
- perfected features, rather than realistic normal human faces
- work: Khafre
- Giza. c 2520-2494 BCE
- term: canon of proprtions
- scale figured based on a grid system. 18 squares tall.
- work: Seated Scribe
- Saqqara. c 2450-2325 BCE
- work: Ti Watching a Hippopotamus Hunt
- Saqqara. c. 2450-2325 BCE
- term: clerestory
- a row of tall, narrow windows in the upper walls
- term: naturalism
-
some term that's NOT DEFINED IN THE BOOK ANYWHERE but is apparently expected of us.
I'm assuming the opposite of realism. - term: sunken relief
- outlines of figures are carved in rather than the background being carved in.
- work: Hypostyle Hall, Great Temple of Amun at Karnak
- Karnak, Egypt c 1292-1190 BCE
- work: Akhenaten And His Family
- Akhetaten. c 1353-1336 BCE
- term: capital
- sculpted block that tops a column
- work: Funerary Mask of Tutankhamun
- 1353-1336 BCE
- work: Figure of a Woman
- Cyclades. c 2600-2400 BCE
- term: Cycladic
- hailing from the Cyclades islands
- work: Ajax and Achilles Playing A Game
- By Exekias. c 540-530 BCE
- work: Dipylon Krater
- Made by Hirschfeld Workshop. Athens. c 750-700 BCE
- work: Sanctuary of Apollo
- Delphi, Greece. 6th-3rd century BCE
- work: Temple of Hera I
- Paestum, Italy. c 550-540 BCE
- term - Greek Orders: stylobate
- the floor of the temple
- term - Greek Orders: column
- functions as the post in a post and lintel system
- term - Greek Orders: column; base
- the bottom of a column
- term - Greek Orders: column; shaft
- the long part of a column with all the lines
- term - Greek Orders: column; capital
- the decorative piece on top of the column shaft
- term - Greek Orders: entablature
- functions as the lintel in a post and lintel system
- term - Greek Orders: entablature; architrave
- the bottom most part of the entablature
- term - Greek Orders: entablature; frieze
- the middle part of the entablature
- term - Greek Orders: entablature; cornice
- the topmost /FLAT/ part of the entablature
- term - Greek Orders: triglyph
- the decorative pieces in a frieze
- term - Greek Orders: metope
- the undecorated negative space in a frieze
- term - Greek Orders: pediment
- the very top of an order - slanted at an angle
- term - Greek Orders: cella
- the main room. surrounded by the peristyle
- term - Greek Orders: peristyle
- row of columns that surrounds the cella
- term - Greek Orders: entasis
- in column shafts, as they rise a swell in the middle and a contraction in the top.
- term - Greek Orders: Doric order
- columns with no bases or capitals, only shafts; entablatures and pediments are present
- term - Greek Orders: Ionic order
- columns with shafts, bases, and capitals; complete with entablatures and pediments
- term - Greek Orders: Corinthian Order
- nearly the same as Ionic order, but without the slanted pediment roof
- term: Archaic smile
- a conventional closed lip expression
- work: Metropolitan Kouros
- Attica. c. 600 BCE
- work: Death of Sarperdon
- By Euphronios. c 515 BCE
- term: black-figure painting
- uses black painting to paint the figures of a Greek ceramic piece; uses a stylus to carve out details.
- work: Kritios Boy
- Acropolis, Athens. c 480 BCE
- term: contrapposto
-
convention of presenting standing figures with opposing alternations of tension and relaxation around a central axis.
aka: he's comfortable. - work: Charioteer
- Delphi. c 470 BCE
- term: lost-wax casting
- a method of casting metal by a process in which a wax mold s covered with clay and plaster, then fired, melting the wax and leaving a hollow form. molten metal is placed into the hollow space and slowly cooled. when the hardened clay and plaster exterior shell is removed, a solid metal form remains.