Aerospace Module #4
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- A Greek named __________ developed the first rocket engine. It was propelled by __________.
- Hero
- The __________ were the first people to develop gunpowder.
- Chinese
- In England, ________ ________ increased the range of rockets.
- Roger Bacon
- In France, _______ __________ achieved more accuracy by launching rockets through tubes.
- Jean Froissart
- In the 17th century, ____ _____ ______ laid the scientific foundations for modern rocketry when he developed his laws of _________.
- Sir Isaac Newton
- In the 18th century, _______ _______ ________ designed rockets for military use.
- Colonel William Congreve
- GoddardÂ’s first successful flight was fueled by _______ _______ and ________.
- liquid oxygen and gasoline
- The United StatesÂ’ first artificial satellite was called __________ ____.
- Explorer I
- A Russian, ______ _________, was the first man to orbit Earth.
- Yuri Gagarin
- _______ _________ was the first American in space.
- Alan Shepard
- ______ ________ was the first American to orbit the Earth.
- John Glenn
- On July 20, 1969, Apollo 11 astronaut ______ _________ became the first man to walk on the Moon.
- Neil Armstrong
- The United StatesÂ’ first space station was called __________.
- Skylab
- The space transportation system used for transporting to space and returning to Earth is called the _______ ________.
- Space Shuttle
- A _______ ________ is the rocket system that lifts the spacecraft.
- launch vehicle
- The _______ ___ was the launch vehicle for the Apollo 11 mission.
- Saturn V
- ____________ is the rate of change in velocity with respect to time.
- Acceleration
- NewtonÂ’s _______ Law of Motion states that a body at rest remains at rest and a body in motion tends to stay in motion at a constant velocity unless acted on by an outside force.
- First
- _______ is the tendency of an object at rest to stay at rest and an object in motion to stay in motion.
- Inertia
- ______ is defined as the amount of push used to get the rocket traveling upwards.
- Thrust
- NewtonÂ’s Second Law of Motion can be explained by a mathematical formula. The formula has three parts - ___ = ___ ___.
- f = ma
- The __________ provides the shape of the rocket.
- airframe
- The airframe of a rocket must be lightweight, yet structurally ________.
- strong
- The __________ is defined as whatever the rocket is carrying.
- payload
- The astronauts and their data are also part of the __________.
- payload
- The __________ is the brain of a rocket.
- guidance
- The __________ system is responsible for getting the rocket to its destination.
- guidance
- A computer is programmed to guide the rocket on a desired _____________.
- trajectory
- The __________ system steers the rocket and keeps it stable.
- control
- The __________ system consists of everything directly associated with propelling the rocket.
- propulsion
- The ________ propellant is what is commonly used today.
- liquid
- The ________ system takes information from the guidance system, and keeps the rocket in the proper position and makes any needed corrections.
- control
- The ________ system is small compared to the rest of the rocket. It is a self contained electronic unit with a computer.
- guidance
- Modern rockets consist of four major systems: _______, _______, ______ and__________.
- airframe,guidance,control,propulsion
- NewtonÂ’s ______ Law of Motion states that to every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
- Third
- On October 4, 1957, the _____ ______ launched the first artificial satellite. It was called _______ ____.
- Soviet Union, Sputnik I
- The ________ is the skin of the rocket and serves as the wall of the propellant tanks.
- airframe
- When John Glenn orbited the Earth he was launched by the powerful _______rocket.
- Atlas
- ____ ______ _______ conducted many practical rocket experiments and became known as the Father of Modern Rocketry.
- Dr. Robert Goddard
- The V-2 rocket was built under the directorship of _______ ____ ______.
- Wernher von Braun
- The liquid propellant is usually kerosene or liquid_______; the oxidizer is usually liquid_______.
- hydrogen, oxygen
- There are two rocket propellants, ________ or ________.
- liquid, solid
- In the 1200s, the Chinese and Mongols used rockets as ______ of flying fire.
- arrows
- In a solid propellant, the fuel is usually a mixture of hydrogen compounds and _______. The oxidizer is made up of _______ compounds.
- carbon,oxygen
- Liquid propellants are carried in compartments separate from the combustion chamber, one for the ______ and one for the _________.
- fuel, oxidizer
- NewtonÂ’s Second Law of Motion states that the rate of change in the momentum of a body is ___________ to the force acting upon the body and is in the direction of the force.
- proportional