Honors Pre-Algebra Defenitions
Terms
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- variable
- a letter that is used to represent one or more numbers.
- scientific notation
-
a use of positive expnants to write large numbers and negative exponants to write small numbers
- prime factorization
- an expression showing a positive integer as the product of prime factors
- associative property
- (a+b)+c= a+(b+c) or (a*b)*c=a*(b*c)
- proper fraction
- positive fraction whos numerator is less than its denominatior
- distributive property
-
a*(b+c)=(a*b)+(a*c)
- denominator
- any number below the fraction bar
- variable expression
- an expression that contains a variable
- like terms
- two terms are called this if their variable parts ar the same ex. n and 11n
- cube
- the third power
- absolute value
- the distance from 0 to the graph of a number on the number line
- numerical coefficiant
- the 3 in 3x
- composite numbers
- a number that has more than two factors
- origin
- 0 on the number line
- cross multiplying
- a method for solving and checking proportions
- order or operations
- parenthases, exponants, muliplication/division, addition/subtraction. (PEMDAS)
- inequality
- a mathematical sentence formed by placing an inequality sign between two expressions
- power
-
a product in which each factor is the same
ex. 2*2*2*2=16 - exponant
- a number indicating how many times the base is used as a factor
- identity property of multiplication
- a*1=a, a/1=a, 1*a=a, a/a=1
- common fraction
- a fraction whose numerator and denominator are both integers
- factor
-
when two or more numbers are muliplied together, each number is called a factor.
ec. 3*5=15 3 and 5 are factors of 15 - numerical expression
-
an expression that names a number
ex. 2+3 - commutative property
- a+b=b+a or a*b=b*a
- numerator
- any number above the fraction bar
- square
- the second power
- improper fraction
- a fraction whose denominator is less than its numerator
- zero property of multiplication
- a*0=0, 0*a=0, 0/a=0
- mixed number
- a number consistiong of a whole number and a fraction
- integers
-
the whole numbers and their opposite form a set of numbers
ex. -3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3 - irrational numbers
- numbers that do not terminate or repeat
- zero property or addition
- a+0=a, a-0=a, 0+a=a, a-a=0
- least common denominator
- the least common multiple of two or more denominators
- prime number
- a number with exactly two factors
- relatively prime
- two numbers have no other factor than 1 (fraction can't be reduced) ex. 9 and 10
- greatest common factor
- the greatest whole number that is a factor of each number
- rational number
- a number which can be written as p/q and p and q are integers and q does not equal 0
- equation
- a sentence that states that two expression name the same number
- percent
- a ratio of a number to 100, shown by the symbol %