Mtel General curriculum Language arts
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Modern English developed from the language of:
-
Angles
Saxons
Jutes - Anglo Saxon
- Old English
- Best known example of Old English is?
- Beowulf
- Modern English vocabulary is dominated by words derived from
-
Old English
(Father, woman, sun, moon, water, dog, do, be) - Normans spoke:
-
Anglo Norman
A german influenced dialect of French - Anglo Norman Gradually developed into:
- Middle English
- The best known example of middle english is:
- Chaucer's Canterbury Tales
- Words of Latin origin
- agree appoint, opinion, security, chamber, entertain, mirror, restrain, oppose.
- Words with military legal, or political meanings often have:
-
Norman roots.
Cavalry, bailiff, ordinance, county, jury, muster, legion, royal, and campaign. - The printing press was developed in:
- The sixteenth century
- Two major changes brought forth by the printing press were:
-
ready availability of books spread classical learning.
Widespread literacy led to greater standardization of spelling. - Words derived from the latin of the clergy include:
- indicate, emphasis, item, legislator, translate, ultimate, and maximum.
- Works in Early Modern English include
- Shakespeare, John Donne and John Milton.
- American english included:
-
Words from other languages:
Ranch, Canyon (spanish) Bayou, prairie(french) boss, cookie (dutch), okra, banjo(west african), possum ,squash (indigenous american) - Spoken American English is characterized by:
- Regional differences
- Three types of diction
-
Colloquial
Formal
Technical - Colloquial diction is:
- The language used in everyday conversation and informal writing.
- Formal diction is:
- used in academic, business, and journalistic writing. Formal diction is characterized by more rigorous rules.
- Technical diction:
- employs specialized vocabularies and usages and is used in many sciences, medicine, and law.
- Linguistics
- The structure and use of language.
- Phonetics
- the properties of speech sounds.
- Morphology
- The structure of individual words
- Syntax
- The way words are ordered in statements
- Semantics
- The relationship of words to their meanings.
- Nouns
- persons, places, things, or ideas.
- pronouns
- take the place of nouns, but do not name specific things.
- Verbs
- express actions or states of being.
- adjectives
- modify nouns or pronouns.
- adverbs
- modify verbs adjectives or other adverbs.
- conjunctions
- link sentence elements
- interjections
- express strong feelings on their own without naming things or modifying other words.
- Sentences are composed of:
- Subjects and predicates
- Subject
- names the main thing or person in the sentence.
- Predicate
- names the subject's actions, relationships, or characteristics.
- Sentences are also composed of
- Phrases and clauses
- Phrase
- a word group that lacks either a subject or a predicate
- Clauses contain
-
all the grammatical elements of a complete sentence.
Two kinds of clauses are dependent and independent - Independent clauses
- can stand alone as sentences.
- Dependent clause
- cannot stand alone as a sentence.
- Types of sentences:
-
Declarative
imperative
interrogative
subjunctive - Declarative sentence
- make statements of fact or opinion.
- Imperative sentence
- expresses commands.
- Interrogative sentence
- ask questions.
- Subjunctive sentence
- express wishes, desires, doubts or suppositions.
- Simple sentence
- a single independent clause
- Compound sentence
- made of of two or more independent clauses.
- Complex sentence
- composed of an independent clause modified by one or more dependent clauses
- Compound-complex sentence
- two or more independent clauses modified by one or more dependent clauses.
- The foundation for the literary tradition that has produced much of British and NorthAmerican literature.
- Greek and Roman texts.
- The Greek archaic period produced the works attributed to:
- Homer(epics), Hesiod and Sappho (poetry)
- Authors of the Classical (Hellenic 500-323bc)period
- Sophicles, Aristophanes, Uripedes,Aeschylus, Plato, Aristotle and Heroditus.
- Hellenistic Period
-
323-30 bc
Menander, Euclid - Early English Literature
- Beowulf 800-1000ad
- Medieval British Literature
- Canterbury Tales 1300's
- Early Modern British
-
1500's-1600's
Shakespeare
Ben Johnson
John Donne
Andrew Marvell
George Herbert
John Milton - Neoclassicism
-
1700' and 1800's
Alexander Pope
John Dryden
John Grey - Romanticism
-
1700's and 1800's
William Blake,(poet)
William Wordsworth(poet)
Samuel Taylor Coleridge(poet)
John Keats (poet)
Deniel Defoe (novelist)
Henry Fielding (novelist)
Jane Austen (novelist)
Marry Shelley (novelist) - Victorian and modernist periods
-
1800's and 1900's
Poets: Tennyson
Barrett
Browing
Hopkins
Hardy
Eliot
Thomas
Novelists:
George Eliot
Joseph Conrad
James Joyce
DH Lawrence
Virginia Wolfe - Genre
- Distinctive type of literary text.
- Genres:
-
Lyric poem
epic poem
Novel
Literary sketch
Personal essay
Tragic Drama
Comic drama - Poetry:
- writing that uses meter, rhyme, symbolism and figurative language and is intended to inspire the imagination or provoke reflection
- Epic poem
- Lengthy. Celebrate heroic deeds, philosphical ideas, and historical events.
- Lyric poem
- Is short and expresses a poet's personal thoughts.
- Ballads
- narrative poems that were originally sung
- Elegies
- Commemorate the life of someone who has died.