Ancient Greece
Terms
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- Democracy
- Government by the people
- Pisistratus
- Athenian Tyrant, supported athletic contest
- Sparta
- A warrior society
- Herodotus
- Greek Historian known as "Father of History." First historian to collect his information systematically
- Mycenaeans
- Sea-traders, warriors ruled city-states (1400 BCE - 1200 BCE)
- Thucydides
- A historian that lived through the war and wrote about the Persian War, being fair to both sides.
- Oligarchy
- Government by few
- Aristotle
- One of Plato's most famous students, and developed his own ideas about government and analyzed all forms of it. He favored rule by a single and virtuous leader. believed in pursuing the 'golden mean'. he also set up a school and tought many subjects. 1,500 years later the first European universities based their courses largly on the wroks and ideas of him.
- Phalanx
- A fighting technique used by Alexander the Great. People would group together with spears and shields
- Tyranny
- An unjust use of absolute Governmental power
- Dorian Invasions
- A replacement of dialects and traditions in ancient Greece
- Solon
- Lawgiver and a poet
- Delian League
- Prepared for future invasions by the Persians
- Hellenic Culture
- The specific artifacts of the ancients as well as the ideas and ideals of democracy, beauty and balance.
- Persian Wars
- Series of conflicts between the Greek city-states and the Persians, Economic rivalry
- Minoans
- A civilization that reached height between 1600 BCE through 1500 BCE, located on the island of Crete, traded with Egypt and Mesopotamia, polytheistic
- Pericles
- Athenian Statesmen and general
- Hoplite
- Heavily armed foot soldiers of Ancient Greece
- Peloponnesian Wars
- A war in which Athens and its allies were defeated by the league centered on Sparta
- Aristocracy
- Upper-class rules
- Polis
- City- states
- Homer
- A famous Greek poet (wrote The Iliad and The Odyssey)
- Monarchy
- Ruled by one person, usually inherits power
- Hellenistic Age
- The period between the death of Alexander the Great (323 BC) and the conquest of Egypt by Rome (30 BC)
- Plato
- A student of Socrates who wrote The Republic
- Archon
- A high official, ruler
- Athens
- Greek city-state that started as a monarchy and evolved into an aristocracy
- Acropolis
- A fortified part of Ancient Greece
- Cleisthenes
- Athenian, reformed the Athenian constitution, started Democracy
- Alexander the Great
- Son of Philip II; received military training in Macedonian army and was a student of Aristotle; great leader; conquered much land in Asia Minor, Syria, Egypt, and Mesopotamia; goal was to conquer the known world
- Socrates
- Devoted himself to discussion with the aristocratic young citizens of Athens, qestioning the truth of popular opinions. Charged with corrupting the youth of Athens they sentenced him to death in 399 B.C.E. Accepting this outcome, Socrates drank hemlock and died
- Ephors
- A group of 5 officials that helped the council of Elders
- Ostracism
- Exclusion from a society by general consent
- Helots
- State-owned slaves