AP English Language - MC section
Terms
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- AD HOMINEM ARGUMENT
- An argument that appeals to emotion rather than reason, to feeling rather than intellect
- ALLEGORY
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The device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning
Example: In come allegories, the author may intend to personify an abstraction like hope or freedom. The allegorical meaning usually deals with moral truth or a generalization about human existence - ALLITERATION
- The repetition of sounds espescially initial consonant sunds in two or more neighboring words. The repetition can reinforce meaning, unify ideas, and/or supply musical sounds.
- ALLUSION
- A direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work of art.
- AMBIGUITY
- The multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage.
- ANALOGY
- A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them.
- ANTECEDENT
- The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun.
- APHORISM
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A terse statement of known authorship which expresses a general truth or moral principle. If authorship is unknown, it is considered to be a folk proverb.
An aporism can be a memorable summation of the authors point. - APOSTROPHE
- A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or personified abstraction, such as liberty or love. The effect may add familiarity or emotional intensity.
- ATMOSPHERE
- The emotional mood created by the entirety of a literary work, established partly by the setting and partly by the author's choice of objects described. Frequently, atmosphere foreshadows events.
- CLAUSE
- A grammatial unit that contains both a subject and a verb. An independent, or main, clause expresses a complete thought and can stand alone as a sentence. A dependant, or subordinate, clause cannot stand alone as a sentence and must br accompanied by an independent clause.
- COLLOQUIAL/COLLOQUIALISM
- The use of slang or informalities in speech or writing.
- CONCEIT
- A fanciful expression, usually in the form of ann extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects. A conceit displays intellectual cleverness due to unusual comparison being made.
- CONNOTATION
- The nonliteral, assosciative meaning of a word; the implied suggested meaning. Connotations may involve ideas, emotions, or attitudes.
- DENOTATION
- The strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude or color.