Chapter 4 Study Guide
Terms
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- bards
- -singing storytellers
- phalanx
- -rows of foot soldiers using their shields to form a wall
- tyrant
- -seized power and ruled the polis single-handedly
- homer
-
-blind poet
-lived during the 700s b.c.
-composed two famous Greek epics the iliad and odyssey - Zeus
-
-he chief god
-thought to rule the sky, weather, and thunderstorms - Sparta
-
-became the most famous of the Greed city-states
-revolved around the army
-men had to go into military at age 7
-women trained in gymnatics, wrestling, and boxing
-kings governed Sparta
-they were Olympic athletes - peisistratus
-
-took over the government of Athens
-divided large estates among landless farmers and extended citizenship to men who didnt own land
-provided the poor with loans and put them to work buliding temples and other public work - parthanon
- -temple of Athenia
- Darius 1
-
-Darius defeated the Ionians
-punished the mainland Greeks for helping the rebels - marathon
- -coastal plain 25 miles north of Athens
- draconian
- -use to describe something that is very cruel and severe
- Ostracism
- -System where citizens wrote the name of a politician on a piece of baked clay called an ostracon.
- Helen of Troy
-
-wife of a Mycenaean king
-gets kidnapped by a Trojan named Paris and is taken to Troy - Persia
-
-had the strongest military power in the ancient world
-their armies were led by Cyrus II - Thermopylae
- -a mountain pass north of Athens
- Trojan Horse
- -a huge hollow wooden horse used to trick the Trojans by the Mycenaeans
- Attica
- -northeast of the Peloponnesus on a penninsula of central Greece
- Ionia
- -the west coast of Asia Minor and its adjoining islands
- Crete
- -an islan southeast of the Greek mainland
- Acropolis
- -fortified hill
- Why was the period between 461 to 429 called the Golden Age?
- because of the achievements in arts and science
- why was trade and communication difficult in Greece?
- because of the mountains
- how did solon prompt the growth of industry in Athens?
- he made the fathers teach their sons a skill and extend citixenship to foreigners
- Delian League
- -Athens persuaded most of the city-states but not Sparta, to ally against the enemy
- what year did the minoans civilization flourished?
- between 2500b.c. and 1450b.c.
-
Essay:
Compare & Contrast Athenian & Spartan Educational Sytems. -
-Boys in Athens were put in school at age 7 & they graduated at age 18 & girls were taught how to weave & cook by their mothers.
-Boys in Sparta were trained to be in the military at age 7 where the learned to read, write, and use weapons & girls were trained for gymnastics, wrestling, and boxing.
-The boys in Sparta & Athens were 7 when they began their education & the girls were trained to do something important.