History 11 final
Terms
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- Emmeline Pankhurst
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Suffrage advocate
-developed WSPU
-wanted peaceful negotiations, but ended up fighting b/c peace didn't yield results - Barbra Welter
- wrote "Cult of True Womanhood"
- Republican Motherhood
- women's belief that if they are educated they will do a better job raising patriotic sons
- Elizabeth Katie Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, Jane Adams
- suffragists in USA
- Sigmund Freud
-
neurotic psychologist
-came up with psychoanalysis to treat everyday people - Albert Einstein
- Theory of relativity
- Marie Curie
- Explored with radium and radioactive material--led to e-rays in WWII, made tubes of radon to kill disease
- JB Watson
- father of behaviorism, wanted to establish puraly experimental science (Furman grad)
- Wat of attrition
- see which army will last the longest
- Zepplins
- large blimps used to drop bombs and transport people
- Kaiser Wilhelm II
- German leader, very aggressive, Grandson of Queen Victoria of England, cousin of Nicolas II or Russia, Nephew of the Prince of Whales
- Franz Ferdinand
- heir to the Austria-Hungarian throne, wants to give Slavs representation=triple monarchy while keeping Slavs in Austria-Hungary
- Gavillo PRincip
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member of the "Black hand"
Assassinated Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie - Jean Juares
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Averted war for a bit
Disagreed with imperialism
Peaceful vision of change
Had a powers meeting in Bosell Switzerland
Killed by Raule Billian - Nicholas II of Russia and Alexandra
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both related to Queen Victoria
Only son Alexis got hemophilia - Central powers
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Austria-Hungary
Germany
Italy - Allied Powers (Triple Entente)
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(Serbia)
Russia
France
Great Britian - Schlieffen Plan
- Germany's plan to march through Belgium,, quickly defeat Paris; sweep doen the east coast; then defeat Russia
- Battle of Marne
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September 1914
French and British surprise attack Germans
Germany abandonds plan and begins trench warfare - Lusitania
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British passenger liner
Sink by German submarines
128 Americans die - Battle of Verdun
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WWIs bloodiest battle
Feb-Dec 1916
300,000 die - Battle of Somme River
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Late June 1916
British come out of trenches and go on the offensice
Battle lasts 5 months
Heavy losses for the British - Zimmerman Telegram
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1917
Sent from German diplomat to Mexico encouraging Mexico to go to war with the USA to regain TX, AR, and NM
Letter intercepted by Great Britain - 2nd Battle ofthe Marne
-
July - August 1918
last German offensive - Summer Peace Conference
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Woodrow Wilson (USA) does not want to blame any one power for the war
David Lloyd George (Britain)
Cleuenceau (France)- wants to blame Germany
(Italy) - Treaty of Versailles
-
Weakens Germany
Holds Germany responsible for the war
Army limited to 100,000 men
No tanks, planes, ships, or submarines
Austria and Germany forbidden to unite
33 billion in reparations
Serious limits of German militarization - League of Nations purpose
- settle disputes and promote democracy
- Russian Revolution
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1904-05=Russo-Japanese War = weak tsarist regime
1905 -Marchers go to the "Winter Palace", soldiers fire upon them, riot and upheaval breaks out
Duma=lower parlimentary body
Nicolas sets law to reduce power of the DUma - February Revolution
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1917
Lack of food supply caused riots in the capital, Petrograd
Declaration of Provisional Government
Duma organizes into a government body
Army Chiefs of his tropps force Nicholas II to abdicate the throne
Alexander Kerensky placed in charge of the Duma - Lenin/Trotsky
-
Radicals~ disagree with the provisional government
Lenin went to law school and wanted to apply Marxist communist thought in Russia
Petrograd Soviet: set up in March 1917 to rival the Duma
Lenin tries and fails at a coup d'etat of the Duma and is exiled to Germany - October Revolution (Bolshevik Revolution)
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Lenin and Trotsky take over the government buildings and do a Coup d'etat
Army joins with them to create the "Soviet union"
Trotsky= Bolshevik revolutionary and Marxist theorist - Petrograd Soviet
- the unofficial government in 1917 that rivals the Duma--two parties of this body are the Mensheviks and the Bolsheviks
- Totalitarianism
-
total power, manipulation, propaganda, removal of individual rights, leaders making promises
leaders=charismatic, popular, promote dedication, loyalty and obediance - Totalitarian dictators
-
Franco-Spain
Mussolini-Italy
Hitler-Germany
Stalin-Russia - Sudetenland
- part of Czechloslovakia that was heavily populated by Germans
- Munich Agreement
- Britain and France offer the Sudetenland to Hitler along with thousands of Czechs
- Luftwaffe
- German air force~ blitz on London August-October 1940
- Anna Freud
- studied effect of blitz on British children
- Tripartite Pact
- Axis Powers-Italy and Germany- come together in 1936--Japand joins in 1939
- Battle of Coral Sea
- May 1942-USA was able to statemate with Japanese Navy
- Battle of Midway
- June 1942-USA defeats Japan; destroys 1/3 of Japanese planes~USA goes offensive and forces Japan to retreat
- El Alamein
- 1942-British push Germans/Italians North and out of the northern African area
- Erwin Rommel
- led El Alamein--called "Desert Fox"
- Stalingrad
- Russians force Germans to go west
- Operation Overlord
- May 1944-Allies go to Britain
- Charles de Gaulle
- freedom fighter--general from France, escapes to fight with British--sends radio broadcasts back to France
- "Furher Directive"
- Hitler calls for Rommel to lead troops and strengthen protection of the French coast
- Pas de Calais
- PLace in France where the Allies acted as though they were going to attack
- Higgins boats
- had wheels, failed in rough water and could not reach shore
- Battle of Bulge at Bagstone
- 101st Airborne surrounded by Germans--saved by Patton's 3rd Army
- Potsdam Declaration
- Told Japan to surrender by July 26th 1945 or face destruction
- Enola Gay
- dropped the Atom bomb "little boy" on August 6, 1945--"fat man" dropped on Nagasaki
- Douglas MacArthur
- in charge of Japanese occupation
- Nuremberg Laws
- served to repress Jews
- Kristallnacht
- killing many Jews b.c a Jewish boy in Paris killed a Nazi official
- Marshall Plan
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Presents European Economic recovery program
Only Benefited countries that were not under communism - Warsaw Pact
- Russia and the communist countries unite as response to NATO
- Viet Minh
- communists in North
- Viet Cong
- communists in South
- Gulf of Tonkin resolution
- allows US to intercede in Vietnam
- Operation Rollin Thunder
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Bombing
Curtis LeMay-overseer
US drops 3x bombs in N. Vietnam than all dropped in WWII - Tet offensive
- series of offensives by North Vietnamese
- My Lai Massacre
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Charlie company- told to enter village of My Lai and told all people there after 8am are Viet Kong
William Calley-Platoon Leader-orders men to enter village and kill indiscriminate- find women, children, children, elderly--troops open fire-kill 504 people
Commen learns--US pilot Hugh Thompson lands between US troops and civilians--aim at American soldiers
Colin Powell-oversees the prosecution of those involved in the My Lai Massacre
22 charges-Calley convicted - Bay of Pigs
- USA failure in Cuba
- Cuman missle crisis
- Nuclear warheads shipped to cuba and aimed at USA
- Yalta
- East and West Germany in Berlin
- SALT
-
strategic arms limitation talks
puspose: to cut down on nuclear arsenals - Mikhail Gorbachev
-
comes to power in russia in 1985
-friends with Reagan
-increased communication with the people
1989: elected in Free elections - Perestroika
- less state regulation of the economic
- Borin Yeltstin
- 1991: elected Russian leader