Chapter 17 Vocabulary
Terms
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- Florence Kelley
- An advocate for improving the lives of women and children. (Social Welfare). She was appointed chief inspector of factories in Illinois. She helped win passage of the Illinois factory act in 1893 which prohibited child labor and limited women's working hours.
- Maria Mitchell
- the first woman elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
- Principles of Scientific Management
- also referred to as Taylorism, scientific management sought to reduce waste and inefficiency in production by measuring every movement and regulating every step of the work process
- Frances Willard
- became leader of the WCTU. She worked to educate people about the evils of alcohol. She urged laws banning the sale of liquor. Also worked to outlaw saloons as step towards strengthening democracy.
- Square Deal
- Economic policy by Roosevelt that favored fair relationships between companies and workers
- trust buster
- government activities designed to break up trusts or monopolies, Roosevelt and Taft both did a lot of this
- Progressivism
- The movement in the late 1800s to increase democracy in America by curbing the power of the corporation. It fought to end corruption in government and business, and worked to bring equal rights of women and other groups that had been left behind during the industrial revolution.
- Seven Sisters
- ..
- social housekeeping
- ..
- Upton Sinclair
- A muckraking journalist. Wrote the book the jungle in 1906 which told about the horrible conditions of the meat packing industry. It attracted the attention of Teddy Roosevelt.
- meat inspection act
- Law that authorized the Secretary of Agriculture to order meat inspections and condemn any meat product found unfit for human consumption.
- Henry George
- He wrote Progress and Poverty in 1879, which made him famous as an opponent of the evils of modern capitalism.
- National Association of Colored Women
- organization formed to fight against discrimination and for women's rights
- Frederick Winslow Taylor
- (1856-1915) "One Best way" labor productivity could be improved by scientifically determined management practies gave him name "father of Scientific mgmt" Assumed that people were rational(Motivated by self-interest) Saw firm as having fixed resources (pie)
- Anti-Saloon League
- ..
- elkins act
- 1903 law that forced railroads charge the same prices to all their customers
- muckraker
- a writer whose investigative articles or books attacked abuses such as child labor or corruption
- Carry Nation
- woman who had strong beliefs in prohibition; walk around holding a bible and a hatchet with hatchet she'd walk around bars and destroy them
- Demon Rum
- ..
- Edward Bellamy
- Wrote Looking Backward; said that captialism supported the few and exploited the many. character wakes up in 2000 after napping; says socialism will be on top in the end
- WCTU
- (Women's Christian Temperance Union) group organized in 1874 that worked to ban the sale of liquor in the U.S.
- The Jungle
- This 1906 work by Upton Sinclair pointed out the abuses of the meat packing industry. The book led to the passage of the 1906 Meat Inspection Act.
- bully pulpit
- the ability to use the office of the presidency to promote a particular program and/or to influence Congress to accept the legislative proposals