Chapter 29 Vocabulary
Terms
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- Florence
- city in Italy where Renaissance started; located on Arno River; often called "cradle of the Renaissance"; home of many great thinkers and artists in 1300-1600
- Arno River
- the River Florence was built on; it runs under the Ponte Vecchio (Old Bridge)
- The Statue of David
- Danatello created one, but Michelangelo created his own (influenced off of Donatello's); Michelangelo's: world's most widely admired sculpture; carved in white marble; stands 17 ft. tall (about); installed in the Piazza della Signoria; famed as an ideal of male beauty and reflects humainist ideas
- Lorenzo the Magnificent
- one of most powerful members of Medici family; leading patron of art and scholarship; ruled Florence for over 20 years (1469-1492)
- Divine Comedy
- long poem written by Dante Alighieri in 1300s; describes Dante's imaginary journey through places where Cristians believed that souls went in the afterlife; highlights strong emotions and experiences of individuals; social commentary;
- Dante Alighieri
- born in Florence; poet; first well-known writer to create literature in native language; THE DIVINE AND COMEDY (written in early 1300s) by him; influenced Petrarch and Boccaccio
- Donatello
- a Florentine; one of first sculptors to use new lifelike style; works expressed personality and mood; created a statue on David;
- Girolamo Cardano
- mathematician; solved complex equations in algebra; interested in gambling; did pioneering work in probability
- Brunelleschi
- helped build dome for Duomo di Santa Maria del Fiore; architect
- Leonardo da Vinci
- artist; scientist; inventor; studied and did his work under art masters in Florence; sketched and wrote about geometry, engineering, sound, motion, and architecture; studied anatormy; first person to draw maps from bird's-eye view; designed bridges, weapons, other machines, and underwater diving suit
- Niccolo Machiavelli
- writer; statesman; historian; reorganized city's defenses during Medicis' exile; served as diplomat; spent time observing actions of other Italian rulers; wrote The Prince (accound on how politics and government really worked)
- Medici family
- controlled Florence for nearly three centuries; maintained power by building palaces, keeping a strong military, involving themselves in the city life, supporting artists, writers, and musicians, and defeating enemies that plotted against the family; Lorenzo the Magnificent=part of family; became one of the wealthiest families in Italy; they started out as merchants and moneylenders