ACNM - Biochemistry
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- Carbohydrates are stored in the liver in the form of ___________.
- Glycogen
- The carbon 2 fragment that enters the TCA cycle merges with what compound in Step One?
- Oxaloacetate
-
A triglyceride has three fatty acids, each containing a single double bond. it could be best described as -
a) saturated
b) super saturated
c) poly unsaturated
d) unsaturated
e) dry - Unsaturated
- An enzyme that catalyses the removal of a group of atoms from one molecule, and then joining that group to another molecule is called -
- Lyase
-
The disaccharide Sucrose consists of -
a) a locked b-D-Galactose ring and a locked a-D-Glucose ring
b) a fructose unit and a b-D-galactose ring
c) a locked b-D-fructose ring and a locked a-D-glucose ring
d) a ribose unit and a glucose - c) a locked b-D-fructose ring and a locked a-D-Glucose ring
- What are lipases?
- Digestive enzymes
- What does a competitive inhibitor do?
- Binds to the active site of the enzyme
- A mixture of an equal amount of enantiomers is called -
- A racemic mixture
- What is a sphingomyelin best described as?
- Sphingolipid
- What type of linkages does the carbohydrate Amylopectin havedistributed throughout the structure?
- both a-(1-4) and a(1-6) linkages
-
Monosaccharides have the chemical properties of:
a) sweetness
b) solubility
c) optical activity
d) all of the above
e) none of the above - d) all of the above
-
The outer membranes of the mitochondria are:
a) totally impermeable
b) permeable to small molecules and ions
c) called the matrix
d) called the cristae
e) permeable to ions but not to small molecules - b) permeable to small molecules and ions
- What word describes the water attractive properties of lipids?
- Hydrophilic
- Why is a molecule of GTP different from a molecule of ATP?
- The nucleic base is Guanine rather than Adenine
- What type of structure is the sequence of amino acids in a protein?
- Primary
- A hydrophobic interaction is an example of a protein _____________ structure.
- Tertiary
- Where does the oxygen come from in the overall reaction of the oxidative phosphorylation reaction.
- The air we breathe in.
-
In a cell mRNA is found in:
a) cytosol
b) lysosomes
c) nucleus
d) outer cell membrane
e) both a & c are correct - e) both a & c are correct
-
Which of these is ketone body?
a) fumerate
b) malate
c) succinate
d) acetoacetate
e) L-Arginine - d) acetoacetate
- What is the metabolic pathway in which glucose is eventually converted to lactate?
- Glycolysis
-
The end product of glycolysis is pyruvate. Pyruvate does not accumulate because it is:
a) converted to acetyl CoA
b) reduced to lactate
c) reduced to ethanol and carbon dioxide
d) all of the above
e) non of the above are chemical - d) all of the above
- What is a complex lipid made up of glycerol, fatty acids, a phosphate group and another alcohol (such as choline, serine or ethanolamine) called?
- Glycerophospholipid
- What is the most abundant extra-cellular fluid called/
- Interstitial fluid
- What is catabolised in the urea cycle?
- Amino acids
- The compound UTP is used in biosynthetic processes. What does the U stand for?
- Uridine
- What are the receptors on cell membrane surfaces mostly composed of?
- Proteins
- Which element does protein contain that most lipids and carbohydrates lack?
- Nitrogen
- GTP is produced at what step in the Citric Acid Cycle?
- Step 5
- In RNA, bases align into combinations of three, called triplets or codons. What does each codon translate into.
- A single amino acid
- Ketogenic amino acids can be converted to acetoacetyl CoA. Amino acid that can do this are:
- Lysine and Leucine
- What type of process is glycogenesis>
- Anabolic
- The production of Ketone bodies arises from the catabolism of what?
- Protein
- What does the symbol PPi stand for?
- Inorganic phosphate
- What class of vitamins are part of the structures of FAD and NAD+?
- B Vitamins
- Why was the b Oxidation process so named?
- It produces carbon 2 fragments.
- What happens to the carbon dioxide that is produced by the body?
- Most of it is exhaled but some of it is used in a number of biosynthetic processes.