Computers-Changing Society-Ch4
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Applets
- A small application program that runs with a Web page
- Assembler
- A 2GL one step higher than machine language
- Attributes
- Characteristics of an object-see object-oriented programming
- Byte Code
- A partially compiled program that can be run by a java virtual machine
- C#
- Microsoft's version of Java
- Class
- A group of objects with common attributes and methods-see object oriented programming
- Common Gateway Interface (CGI)
- A program on a Web server that handles requests for scripts
- Compilers
- A program that converts higher level programs into machine language
- Drivers
- Small programs that are written to provide communication instructions between a peripheral device and the computers operating system
- Event
- An action by the user, such as clicking a button on the screen
- Event Driven
- Programs that are executed when the user chooses an option
- Extensive Markup Language (SML)
- Method of attaching additional information to text or pictures on a Web page
- Information Hiding
- Characteristics of modular programming
- Java
- Language that uses byte code and java virtual machine programs to create interactive web pages
- Java Virtual Machine (JVM)
- Compiles javea byte code for execution on a particular platform
- Linux
- Derivative of UNIX that is free and open source
- Machine Language
- A first-generation language (1GL) and is the language the computer processor understands
- Message
- Instruction in object-oriented programming
- Methods
- Sets of instructions on how to accomplish a task in OOP
- Object-Oriented programming (OOP)
- Nonprocedural method that uses attributes, methods, classes, adnd messages
- Objects
- Programming entity with attributes and methods that belongs to a class
- Polymorphism
- A characteristic of object-oriented programs in which objects can accompish a stated message independently
- Scripts
- Short programs that reside on a web server and are used with web pages
- Structured Query Language (SQL)
- A fourth generation language that is used for extracting specific sets of data from a database
- Syntax
- Rules for a software language that must be used when writing code
- Name three early 3GLs still in use that use GOTO statements
- FORTRAN, COBOL, BASIC
- Identify the slang term for code written in languages that use GOTO statements
- spaghetti code
- FORTRAN
- FORmula TRANsition-is very good for working with formulas
- COBOL
- COmmon Business Oriented Language-is used for business functions like payroll and accounting.
- BASIC
- is a general-purpose language created to help students learn programming.
- Machine Code
- A sequence of instructions written in machine language, can execute very quickly because no translation or interp is needed
- Identify the programming solution to branching problems
- structured programming using IF-THEN-ELSE or DO-WHILE statements
- Identify the features of modular programming
-
*Information Hiding
*Standardized input and output
*Sharing and reusing - Identify the relationship between C and operating systems
- C, a language that combines high level programming features with the ability to use specific features of a processor, is used to write operating systems
- Identify Characteristics of a 4GL language
-
*Nonprocedural
*Works with databases
*Uses visual programming
*Useful for novices and experts
*Interactive and multifuntion programming environment - Give an example of a 4GL language
- SQL-Structured Query Language
- Identify definitions and examples of event-driven language
- Events like clkicking buttons activate parts of the code
- Identify the characteristics of object-oriented programming
- *Objects have attributes and methods and are grouped in classes *an object can inherit attributes and methods of its class *Commands are called messages, and the ability to act on the message independently is called polymorphism
- Identify languages that use OOP
-
C++
VB.NET
Smalltalk
Java
C# - smalltalk
- First object oriented programming language
- VB.NET
- Programming language that uses object-oriented programming (see Visual Basic)
- Visual Basic (VB)
- An event-driven language that uses a graphical interface that includes buttons, dialog boxes, scroll bars, and menus
- Identify Characteristics of a 5GL
- All code is generated automatically and can be compiled bya a 3GL compiler
- Give an example of a 5GL language
-
Jbuilder by Borland
JDeveloper by Oracle - Identify what the acronym BIOS stands for
- Basic Input/Output System
- Identify the functions of BIOS
- Boot up the computer and check components
- Identify the funtions of an Operating System
-
*Manage communication between applications and the processor
*Manage store systems
*Manage peripherals
*Provide tools for applications to use - Name four common operating systems
-
*Windows
*Mac OS
*UNIX
*Linux - Identify functions of server applications
- Find and deliver data or Web pages
- Define GUI
- Graphical User Interface-the use of icons, buttons, a mouse, dialog boxes, and menus for communication between the user and a computer
- Name three IBM mainframe operating systems
-
*MVS
*S/390
*Z/OS - Identify the characteristics of Linux
- similar to UNIX but open source and free
- Identify four productivity application suites
-
*MS Office
*Star Office
*Corel Wordperfect Office
*Lotus SmartSuite - Identify types of utility programs
-
*File management
*Disk Maintenance
*Anitvirus
*Viewing Documents - Identify the relationships among Web applications, browsers, and operating systems
- Web Applications use browsers, which in turn use the operating system to display Web pages
- Identify the relationships among Java, byte code, and Java virtual machine
- Java is a programming language. Its programs are converted to byte code, which can be executed by a Java virtual machine on the client computer
- Identify Microsoft applications that compete with Java
- C# is a programming language, and ActiveX is similar to Java applets
- Identify the role of CGI
- The common gateway interface handles requests for scripts by Web pages and locates the scripts in a directory on the server
- Identify at least four script languages
-
*Perl *ECMAScript
*Jscript *PHP *TCL *Rexx
*VBScript - Identify two types of Web pages created by scripts in response to user input
-
Active Server Pages (ASP)
Hypertext Preprocessor Pages