Adrenal Gland
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- Where are corticosteroids synthesized?
- Adrenal cortex makes well over two doz. steroid hormones called corticosteroids.
- Where are steroid hormones stored.
- Unlike the AA hormones which are stored in the cell, s9 their rate of release in response to stimulation depends on their rate of synthesis.
- What is the essential function of mineralcorticoids?
- Regulation of the electrolyte concentrations in extracellualr fluid.
- What is the most potent and most produced mineralcorticoid
- Aldosterone- job is to maintain sodium ion balance. Triggered by the renin angiotensin mechanism, elevated K or low NA blood levels, ACTH(adrenocorticotropic hormone)
- What is the primary cause of Addison's Disease
- hyposecretion mineralcorticoid (aldosterone) and glucocorticoids
- Signs and Symptoms of Addison's disease
-
weight lose
plasma glucose levels drop
NA levels drop
K levels rise.
Severe dehydration
hypotension - Therapy for addison's disease?
- Corticosteroid replacement therapy
- Glucocorticoids what is their role?
- Influence the metabolism of most body cells and help us resist stressors
- Cortisol
-
Glucocortocoid. Stimulated by
ACTH. promotes gluconeogenesis and hyperglycemia. mobilize fats for energy metabolism, stimulate protein catabolism, assist body to resist stressors, DEPRESS inflammatory and immune response. - Cushings disease
-
Cause may be a ACTH-releasing pituitary tumor. ACTH-releasing malignacny of the lungs, pancreas or kidneys or tumor in adrenal cortex. MOST COMMON CAUSE IS CORTICOSTEROID USE.
Increase in aldosterone, Increase in cortisol. - S/S cushings disese
-
Hyperglycemia
dramatic loss of muscle and bone protein, excess hair,
HTN and edema caused by
water and salt retention.
See a moon face, redistrubution of fat to abdomen, buffalo hump
tendancy to bruise and poor healing. - Treatment for Cushings
- Removal of the cause ie tumor or discontinue the drug. Once steroid use is stopped S/S should disappear.