Chapters 10 &11 history WWI
Terms
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- What was the Panama Canal
- It provided a shortcut between Atlantic and Pacific oceans
- Roosevelt corollary
- It was an extension of the monroe doctrine, the U.S claimed the right to protect its economic interests by means of military intervention in the affairs of western hempishere nations
- dollar diplomacy
-
often used to justify keeping european powers out of the carribean
policy of using U.S govt to guarentee loans made to forgeign countries by American business people - selective service act
- law enacted in 1917 that required men to register for military service
- Henry Cabot Lodge
- Conservative senator that wanted the right to declare war to remain with congress
- war- guilt clause
- forced germany to admit that they, and only they were responsible for WWI
- reparations
- war damages
- Treaty of Versailles
-
established 9 new nations
made germany pay 33 billion in reparations
returned alosace lorraine to france
war-guilt clause
de-militarized germany
mandates - league of nations
- forum for all nations to meet and dicuss problems instead of turning to war
- fourteen points
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first 5 listed the what wilson believed were the causes of the war
the next 8 dealth with boundary changes
the last one was to establish the league of nations - great migration
- movement of hundreds of thousands of southern blacks to northern cities
- espionage and sedition acts
- said that if any person acted out or spoke against the govt in a negative manner or against the war effort they could be sentenced to 20 years and prision and to pay fines up to 10,000.00
- George creel
- organized many artists, and performers together to promote the war effort
- Bernard M. Baruch
- recognized war industries board
- War Industries board
- encouraged companies to use mass- production and techniques to inrease efficiency and eliminate waste
- mechanized warfare
- war that relies on machines powered by gasoline and diesel engines
- conscientious objector
- person who objects war on moral grounds
- Alvin York
- Originally against war, mind changed during war, killed 25 Germans and captured 132 with 6 other doughboys and a single musket
- convoy system
- merchant ships would travel with a ring of destroyers and cruisers around them
- Eddie Rickenbacker
-
"American ace of aces"
engaged in more than 130 air battles and brought down 26 enemy planes - zimmerman note
- note from German foriegn minister to german ambassador in mexico telling him to make mexico an ally promising them if u.s got involved they would return to them texas, new mexico and arizona if they won
- Lusitania
- british liner sunk with 128 Americans on board
- trench warfare
- fighting in which people died for mere yards
- "no mans land"
- land that was covered in muck with pock marks from bullets and barbed wire
- allies
- france, britian, russia
- Archduke Franz Ferdinand
- heir to the Austrian throne, murdered with wife
- central powers
-
austria-hungary, germany, italy
ottoman empire - militarism
- development of armed forces and their use as a tool of diplomacy
- John. J Pershing
- led forces of 15,000 against pancho villa
- Franciso "Pancho" Villa
- rebel leader, had americans sent to cuba to "talk" but before they coudl get off the train he took them off and shot them, led revolts against carranza
- Emilio Aguinaldo
- Filipino rebel leader felt u.s promised independence and betrayed them
- Boxer rebellion
- rebellion in china against western powers control over china
- open door notes
-
1. called for open access to china's coastal ports
2. elimination of special trading privelages for any trading nations
3. maintainence of China's independence - John Hay
- issued series of policy statements called open door notes
- protectorate
- country whose affairs are partially controlled by a stronger power
- platt amendment
-
limits on the cuban consitution
1. couldnt make treaties to limit independence
2. u.s resereved right to intervene
3. cuba not to go into debt
4. u.s buy or lease land for naval and coaling - treaty of paris
-
1. cuba independent
2. u.s got puerto rico and guam
3. U.s would pay spain 20 mil for annexation of phillipine islands - san Juan Hill
- strategically important, battle at this location made roosevelt a war hero
- rough riders
- vounlenteer cavalary led by roosevelt and wood
- george dewey
-
american naval commander
steamed into manila bay and destoyed spanish fleet nearby - u.s.s maine
- american ship station in spanish waters, sank and led americans to controversy with spain
- delome leter
- letter from spanish prime minister to mckinely, critisized him for being a weak leader, americans were outraged by this they didnt like criticizism of american president by a spaniard
- yellow journalism
- false journalism, reporting that exaggerates the news to lure new readers
- valerino weyler
-
spanish general sent to restore order
moved ppl into concentration camps - Jose Marti
- exiled to new york, led rebellion against spain
- Sanford B. dole
- president of provisional government in Hawaii
- Alfred T. Mahan
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argued for strong u.s navy
became one of advocagtes in military expansion - imperialism
- policy in which stronger nations extend control over weaker territories
- queen liliuokalaini
- hawaiin queen overthrown and threatened that if she returned to power she would behead all of those who conspired to dispose her