Earth Science 1: Earth's Motions: Vocabulary
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- The geocentric theory claims that the _______ is at the _______ of the universe.
- earth, center
- path among the stars that the sun appears to follow
- ecliptic
- a line between the sun and planet will cover equal areas during any equal orbital time
- Kepler's second law of planetary motion: law of areas
- Earth's orbit around the sun
- revolution
- planet's circular, slightly off-center orbit
- eccentric
- During summer in the northern hemisphere, which way is the North Pole tilted?
- towards the sun
- number of degrees Earth's axis is tilted
- 23 1/2 degrees
- the force holding planets in their orbits
- gravity (law of gravitation)
- English mathematician and scientist who formulated the law of gravitation
- Sir Isaac Newton
- first person to use a telescope for astronomy
- Galileo Galilei
- time required for a planet to orbit the sun is proportional to its distance from the sun
- Kepler's third law of planetary motion: period-distance relationship
- German astronomer who formulated the three laws of planetary motion
- Johannes Kepler
- Kepler's three laws of planetary motion
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1. elliptical orbits
2. law of areas
3. period-distance relationship - the sun is one focus of the ellipse
- Kepler's first law of planetary motion: elliptical orbits
- the crystal, or transparent, spheres proposed in the geocentric view of the universe
- deferents
- Polish astronomer who played the major role in developing the heliocentric view of the universe
- Nicolaus Copernicus
- view of the universe which states that the sun is the center and all heavenly bodies revolve around it
- heliocentric view
- the seven celestial bodies (excluding the stars) observed by the earliest astronomers
- sun, moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn
- ancient view of the universe which states that the earth is the center and all heavenly bodies revolve around it
- geocentric, or Ptolemaic, view
- the turning of Earth on its axis
- rotation
- Kepler's major contribution to Copernican theory
- elliptical orbits
- term describing the sun and all other celestial bodies revolving around it
- solar system
- tendency of bodies in motion to remain in motion in the same direction at a constant speed
- inertia
- imaginary line about which the earth is spinning
- axis
- date of the vernal equinox
- March 21 (may vary a day because of leap year)
- type of wind patterns that are evidence of Earth's rotation
- diagonal
- date of autumnal equinox
- September 22 (may vary a day because of leap year)