Religion Unit 4 Terms
Terms
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- Line of Demarcation
- divides New World between Spain (West) and Portugal (East), in Brazil
- Peace of Westphalia
- ended Thirty Years War, lets each state decide religion
- Thirty Years War
- Lutherans, Calvinists, and Catholics fighting for which religion should be national religion, German Catholics and Protestants killed
- St. Vincent de Paul
- pushed for the first non-cloistered sisters (could go outside), started shops where people could bring things in to be sold and money went to nuns (thrift shops)
- De La Salle
- religious brothers, worked to break the cycle of poor, used modern education methods
- Rationalism
- belief that everything in the universe in controlled by natural laws
- Galileo
- found that the Earth rotates around the sun mathematically, proving Copernicus, Church was against him and a scared pope silenced him
- Charles Darwin
- natural selection, survival of the fittest, evolution
- Voltaire
- pushed freedom of speech and religion, rationalist ideas
- Montesquieu
- had idea of a three branch government, rationalist
- Jean de Brebeuf
- French Jesuit, worked with Huron Indians, Iroquois hated them so killed Brebeuf by gutting him, in Northeast
- Adam Smith
- first person to come up with idea of Capitalism- farmers decide what to grow, rationalist
- Napoleon
- abolishes Church, crowns himself Emperor and tries to conquer France, after the French Revolution
- Cotton Mather
- came up with idea of Puritan Work Ethic- hard work is better even though had predestination
- Golden Ratio
- 1x1.61⬦.., natural pattern, helped the Deist rationalist argument
- Pizarro
- conquered Incas
- Cortez
- conquered Aztecs, thought he was Quetzalcoatl (their god), he used divide and conquer to conquer them
- Nationalism
- extreme nationalism was Fascism, people became nationalistic with new nations
- Sigmund Freud
- psychology, Religion/God a projection of unconscious
- Papal Infalibility
- Pope Pius IX creates to get more authority, new rules to be a Catholic, had to believe in: Immaculate Conception of Mary- born without sin, and Assumption of Mary- taken into heaven like Jesus