Music Appreciation- Romanticism
Terms
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- leit-motif
- (signature tune) a brief distinctive unit of music designed to represent a character object or idea which returns repeatedly in order to facilitate the progress of the drama
- idee fixe
- "fixed idea" melody which represents the protagonists beloved within the story
- double counterpoint
- counterpoint with two themes that can reverse position with the top moving to the bottom and the bottom moving to the top
- music drama
- musical work for the the stage in which all the arts-poetry, music, acting, mime, dance, and scenic design, function as a harmonious ensemble
- Nicolo Paganini
- Virtuoso violinist
- rubato
- "robbed" performer written into the score by the composer
- politically
- Verdi's operas were often covertly...
- dramatic overture
- (to an opera or play) one movement work, usually in sonata-allegro form that encapsulates in music the essential dramatic events of an opera or play
- tempo rubato
- "stole" some time here and gave it back there
- Vienna
- In which city would you be able to attend a Schubertiad?
- express 4 different characters
- The singer in Shuberts Erkling has to use his voice too..
- program music
- instrumental music usually written for symphony orchestra that seeks to recreate in sound the events and emotions potrayed in some extramusical event; such as a story, legend, play, novel, or even historical event
- lied
- german word for art song
- la scala
- where Verdi's first opera was played; "Oberto" in Milan
- miniature and monumental
- two types of romantic forms
- strophic form
- a musical form often used in setting a strophic or stanzaic text such as a hymn or carol
- schubertiads
- the gatherings at which Schubert appeared and at which only his compositions were played
- pentatonic state
- uses only 5 notes instead of the usual western scale of 7
- bel canto
- beautiful singing
- Russian Five
- Alexander Boroqin, Cesar Cui, Mily Balakirev, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, Modest Musorgsky
- chromatic harmony
- constructing chords on the 5 additional notes (the chromatic notes) within the full 12 note chromatic scale
- absolute music
- symphonies, sonatas, quartets and other instrumental without extramusical or programatic references
- through-composed
- everchanging melodic and harmonal material
- Slavs
- an ethnic group found throughout much of eastern europe
- emotions
- In his opera, Tristan and Isolde, Wagner used leitmotif to expess what?
- supernatural, unhappy love
- 2 romantic ideals
- lied
- german word for art song
- realistic opera
- general term for those operas of the 19th and early 20th centuries that deal with everyday gritty subjects
- modified strophic form
- strophic form in which the music is modified briefly to accomadate a particularly expressive word or phrase in the text
- Berlioz
- added the harp, ophicleide, english horn and cornet
- soft pedal
- softened the dynamic level by shifting the position of the hammers relative to the strings
- Habanera
- "the thing from Havana" type of dance song that developed in spanish controlled Cuba during the early 19th century
- character piece
- miniature forms only a brief minute or two tried to capture the essence of a single mood sentiment or emotion
- 5
- how many movements does Symphony Fantastique by Berlioz have
- sustaining pedal
- enabled strings to continue to sound after the performer had lifted his or her hand from the right corresponding keys
- art song
- a song for solo voice and piano accompaniment with hight artistic aspirations
- prima donna
- first lady
- program symphony
- a symphony with the usual 3, 4, or 5 movements which together depict a succession of specific events or scenes drawn from an extramusical story or event
- ring cycle
- a cycle of 4 interconnected music dramas by Richard Wagner that collectively telll the tale of the germanic legend; Der Ring de Nibelungen
- virtuoso
- individual performers who worked on raising there performing skills to an unprecedented height
- song cycle
- a tightly structured group of individual songs that tell a story or treat a single theme
- staccato
- players hold the pitch for only the shortest possible time
- recital
- a concert of chamber music usually for a solo performer
- musical nationalism
- musics naturally given emotive power gave voice to ethnic and linguistic distinction
- Lisztomania
- the hysteria surrounding famous pianist Franz Lizst
- etude
- short, one-movement composition designed to improve one or more aspects of a performers technique
- 4 operas
- how mnay operas in the "ring" cycle by Wagner
- mazurka
- fast dance in triple meter with an accent on the second beat
- Chopin
- composer referred to as the poet of the piano
- nocturne
- (night piece) slow dreamy genre of piano music that came into favor in the 1820's and 1830's
- symphonic poem
- one movement programmatic pieces
- Bach Beethoven Brahms
- Who are the 3 Big B's of music?
- concert overture
- similar to the dramatic overture but not designed to precede an opera or play: a one movement work of programmatic content originally intended for the concert hall
- Bayreuth Festival
- an opera house built especially to produce the music dramas of Richard Wagner
- George Sand
- pen name of Baroness Aurore Dudevant, who poured forth a steady stream of romantic novels
- Gesamtkunstwerk
- total art work
- cross stringing
- overlaying the lowest sounding strings across those of the middle register and thereby producing a richer more homogenous sound
- singspiel
- "singling play" musical comedy or light musical drama that has by sheer coincidence many elements in common with our present day Broadway Musical
- flamenco
- songs of southern spain infused with gypsy elements
- col legno
- "with the wood" to strike the strings, not with the usual front of the bow but with the wooden back creating a noice evocative of hell fire
- dies irae
- the name of the gregorian chant used in Berlioz's Symphony Fantastique
- incidental music
- musical interludes inserted within the performance
- diminution
- a reduction usually by half of all the rythmic durations in a melody
- orchestra song
- "lied" art song in which the full orchestra replaced the piano as the medium of accompaniment
- Risorgimento
- the movement for a united Italy free of foreign domination
- furiant
- fast folk dance in which duple and triple meter alternate
- Frederic Chopin
- composer famous for writing short forms called nocturned for the piano
- symphonic poem
- (tone poem) a one movement work for orchestra that gives musical expression to the emotions and events associated with a story, play, political event or personal experience
- scena
- a scenic plan made up of diverse movements
- caballeta
- first concluding aria in which the increased speed of the music allows one or more soloists to race off stage at the end of a scene or act;
- Liebestod
- (love-death) an ecstatic version of their love beyond the grave, sung by Isolde
- gewandhoius orchestra
- the symphony orchestra that originated in the Clothiers house in liepzig, Germany in the 18th century
- recicativo acompagnato
- a recicative accompanied by the orchestra instead of merely the harpsichord
- music dramas
- Wagner preferred to call his operas...
- verismo opera
- italian version of the late 19th century realistic opera