HWH -- Europe Between WWI and WWII
Terms
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- Maginot Line
- steel and concrete fortification; stretching 200 miles along borders of Germany.
- Locarno Treaty
- 1925 -- guarenteed existing French-German and Belgain borders.
- Easter Rising
-
April 24, 1916 (easter monday)
Irish nationalists revolted: British troops quickly surpress rebellion. - Fascist Party
- Latin word "fasces" (meaning a bundle of rods abound tightly around an axe) symbollizing government authority.
- Benito Mussolini
- wanted to restore Italy to military glories of Roman Empire: was a socialist but becomes a nationalist.
- "Sons of the Wolf"
- Mussolini wanted a nation of warriors; training for boys started at age 4.
- Violet Gibson
- assassination attempts.
- Corporatist State
- economic activities organized into syndicates resembling corporations
- Weimar Republic
- Established in 1919 w/ President and a 2-house Parliament (Reichstag and Reichsrat)
- Nazi Party
-
-National Socialist German Workers Party.
-1 of hundreds
-Nationalist, Fascist, appeals to middle class. - Adolf Hitler
-
-Austrian
-Born April 20, 1889
-Served in WWI
-Became head of Nazi party in 1921. - Mein Kampf
-
-meaning my struggle
-Book Hitler wrote in jail. - Heinrich Himmler
-
-1 of the Nazi Big 4
-Ran the SS - Herman Goering
-
-1 of the Nazi Big 4
-ran the SA(secret police) - Joseph Goebbels
- Chief Propagandist
- Gestapo
- Nazi secret police
- Dawes Plan
-
-New German reperation plan in 1924
-provided $200 million loan
-Increased american investment
- 1924-1929 -
New Economic Policy
(NEP) -
-1921
-Lenin
-allowed limited free enterprise - Josef Stalin
-
-wanted "socialism in one country"
-By 1928 has emerged as leader of the soviet union. - 1st 5-Year Plan
-
-focus on agriculture & farming
-mass famine resulted - 2nd 5-Year Plan
-
-focus on expansion of heavy industry
-People faced even greater hardship b/c food became more scarce. - Francisco Franco
-
-Spain
-overthrows democratic government
-Captures Madrid in 1939
-Issues Totalitarian Dictatorship - "lebensraum"
-
-"Greater Germany"
-racial doctorine espoused in Mein Kampf book. - Kristallnacht
-
-Nov. 9, 1938
-the "night of broken glass" - 3 post war French Problems
-
1.Northern France was a wasteland
2.High % of young men killed; no people to repopulate
3.fearful of another attack; pay for military security. - Britain - 3 post war problems
-
1.Irish wanted "home rule"
2.industry and trade suffered
3.high unemployment caused my overproduction (1921 - 25%) - Fascism
-
-Extreme Nationalism
-Middle Class
-preserves social classes
-ownership of private property
*State control - Communism
-
-socialist economy
-international revolution
-appeals to workers
-classless society
-abolish private property
*Stateless; People in Control