Bio. Chapter 6
Terms
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- Gametes
- an organisms reproductive cells such as eggs cells, sperm
- binary fission
- form of asexual reproduction,a single parent passes exact copies of all of its DNA to its offspring
- gene
- a segment of DNA that codes for a protein or RNA molecule
- chromosomes
- the DNA and the proteins assiciated with the DNA
- Chromatids
- the two exact copies of DNA that make up each chromosome
- centromere
- the point where two chromoatids of a chromosome are attached
- Homologous chromosomes
- chromosomes that are similar in size, shape,and genetic content
- diploid
- When a cell such as a somatic cell contains two sets of chromosomes
- haploid
- when a cell such as a gamete contains one set of chromosomes
- zygote
- a fertilized egg cell(the first cell of a new individual
- Autosomes
- chromosomes that are not directly involved in tererming the sex of an individual
- sex chromosomes
- one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans contain genes that will determine sex of individual
- Karyotype
- a photo of the chromosomes in a dividing cell that shows the chromosomes arragned by size
- cell cycle
- a repeating sequence of cellular growth and division during the life of an organism
- Interphase
- The first three phases of the cell cycle.
- Mitosis
- The nucleus of the cell divideds into 2 nuclei.
- Cytokinesis
- During cell division in wich the ctoplasm divides.
- Cancer
- The uncontrolled growth of cells.
- Spindle
- Cell structures made up of centriols and individual microtubule fibers. They are involved in moving chromosomes during cell divison.