Music 101 2
Terms
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- wHAT IS A TIME SIGNATURE
- The time signature on a musical staff tells you the meter of the music by defining both the number of beats in a measure and the type of note that fills one beat.
- UPBEAT
- WHEN MUSIC IS STARTED ON ANY BEAT OTHER THAN ONE
- SYNCOPATION
- ACCURANCE OF ACCENTS AT UNEXPECTED PLACES (WEEK OR IN BETWEEN BEETS)
- STURCTURE OF HARMONY
-
INTERVAL
SCALE
CHORD
TRIAD
TONIC
TONALITY
MODALITY - HARMONY
- ARRAGNEMENT OF CHORD
- PITCH
- The pitch of a note is how high or low it sounds
- INTERVAL
- DISTANCE BETWEEN ANY 2 TONES AND CAN OCCUR ONE NOTE AFTER ANOTHER MELODIC
- Pentatonic Scale
- A five-note pentatonic scale
- SCALE AND DIFFERENT PARTS OF A SCALE
-
PITCHES ARRANGED IN ASCENDING OR DESCENDING ORDER
1. DIATONIC
2. CHROMATIC - DIATONIC
- MELODIES AND HARMONIES BUILT FROM THE TONES OF A MAJOR OR MINOR
- MAJOR
- SCALE RAISED 1/2 STEP ON THE 3RD DEGREE
- MINOR
- SCALED LOWED 1/2 STEP ON THE 3RD DEGREE
- CHROMATIC
- FULL GAMUT (RANGE) OF NOTES AVAILABLE IN THE OCTAVE
- CHORD
- 3 OR MORE TONES SOUNDED TOGETHER, BULT FROM A PARTICULAR SCALE OR SEQUENCE OF PITCHES.
- TRIAD
- 3 PITCHES BUILT ON ALTERNATE TONES OF THE SCALE 1-3-5 OR DO-ME-SO
- TONIC OR KEYNOTE
- THE 1ST TONE OF THE SCALE - DO REVOLES AROUND 1ST TONE.
- TONALITY
- ARRANGEMENT AROUND A TONIC - 1ST AND 8TH NOTE
- MODALITY
- ANYTHING BETWEEN THE 1ST AND 8TH NOTES OF THE TONALITY
- PARTS OF MUSICAL TEXTURE
-
HOW IT IS WOVEN TOGETHER, WHAT IS GOING ON AT THE SAME TIME.
vertical and horizontal character of music
the thickness or thinness of musical sounds. - A MUSICAL VOICE
- A musical voice consists of one melodic or harmonic part
- TYPES OF MUSICAL TEXTURE
-
MONPHONIC
HOMOPHONIC
POLYPHONIC - MONOPHONIC
- ONE MELODIC LINE, NO HARMONY OR COUNTERPOINT YOU CAN HAVE RHYTHM BUT ONLY ONE LINE WITH A SPECIFIC PITCH.
- POLYPHONIC
- 2 OR MORE INDEPENDENT MELODIES ACCURING AT THE SAME TIME. ALSO CALLED COUNTERPOINT
- PARTS OF POLYPHONIC
-
IMITATION
CANON
INVERSION
RETROGRADE
RETROGRADE-INVERSION
AUGMENTATION
DIMINUTION - IMITATION
- MELODY IS STARTED IN ONE VOICE AND RESTARED IN ANOTHER, EACH CONTINUING AS THE OTHER ENDS
- CANON
- DIFFERENT VOICES OR INSTRUMENT SINGING OR PLAYING SAME MELODY WITH NO CHANGES AT DIFFERENT TIMES.
- INVERSION
- IS UP-SIDE DOWN
- RETROGRADE
- BACKWARDS
- RETROGRAD-INVERSION
- BACKWARDS AND UP AND DOWN
- AUGMENTATION
- MAKE BIGGER - DR. LARGO (REFERS TO RHYTHM)
- DIMINUTION
- MAKE SMALLER
- HOMOPHONIC
- HAS ONE MELODIC LINE THAT DRAWS YOUR ATTENDING AND OTHER PARTS PROVIDE ACCOMPANMENT: EXAMPLE BARBER SHOP MUSIC
- STURCTURE OF FORM
-
REPETITION
CONTRASTS
VARIATION - FORM
- ARRANGMENT IN MUSIC
- REPETITION
- FIXES MATERIAL IN OUR MINDS-SATISFIES NEED FOR FARMILIAR
- CONTRASTS
- STIMULATES INTEREST AND NEED FOR CHANGE.
- VARIATION
- FALLS BETWEEN REPITITION AND CONTRAST
- ELEMENTS OF FORM
-
THEME
SEQUENCE
MOTIVE
MOVEMENTS -
THEME
A. DEVELOPMENT -
BUILDING IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MUSIC
A. STRUCTURE RESHAPING OF THE THEME - SEQUENCE
- RESTATEMENT OF A IDEA OR MOTIVE AT A DIFFERENT PITCH LEVEL
- MOTIVE
- SHORT MELODIC OR RHYTHM IDEA, SMALLEST FRAGMENT OF A THEME THAT HAS MELODY OR RHYTHM
- MOVEMENT
- COMPLETE, SELF CONTAINED PART WITHIN A LARGER PART
- KINDS OF FORM
-
1. 2 PART FORM (A-B) WITH EACH SECTION REPEATING
2. TENRARY FORM (ABC) 3 PART FORM BASED ON A STATEMENT
3. RONDO FORM FIRST SECTION REACURRS LAST MOVEMENT IN VARIOUS FORMS
4. SONATO-ALLEGRO FORM = OPEINING MOVEMENT OF A MULTI-MOVEMENT CYCLE
5. THEME AND VARIATIONS = A THEME IS STATED AND THEM ALTERED IN SUCCESSIVE STATEMENTS - STRUCTURE OF TEMPO
-
MARKINGS
CHANGE IN TEMPO - TEMPO MARKINGS
-
LARGO = BROAD, VERY SLOW
ADAGIO = QUITE SLOW
ANDANTE=MODERATELY SLOW, WALKING PACE
ALLEGRO = HAST CHEERFUL - CHANGE IN TMEPO
-
ACCELERANDO = GETTING FASTER
RITARDANDO = HOLDING BACK GETTING SLOWING
A TEMPO= RETURN TO PREVIOUS TEMPO - DYNAMIC MARKINGS BASED ON ITALIAN WORDS
-
PIANO = SOFT (P)
FORTE = LOUD (f) - CHANGE IN DYNAMICS
-
CRESCENDO = GROWING LOUDER
DECRESCENDO = " " SOFTER
SFORZANDO = SUDDEN STRESS OR ACCENT ON A SIGNAL NOT ON CHORD - COUNTERPOINT
- INDEPENDENT MELODIC LINE
- EXAMPLE OF MONOPHIC
-
ONE PERSON WHISTLING
A SINGLE BUGLE SOUNDING (TAPS)
A GROUP OF PEOPLE SIGNING A SONG TOGETHER WITHIN HARMONIES
A FIFE&DRUM CORPS WITH ALL FIFE PLANING OR FLUTE - aCCOMPANIMENT
- ALL PART OF MUSIC THAT IS NOT MELODY
- KEY
- THE TONIC NOTE
- GAMUT
- A SERIES OF RECONIZED NOTES
- ACTAVE
- A TONE THAT IS E DIATONIC DEGREES ABOVE OR BELOW ANOTHER GIVEN TONE
- ADDITIVE METER
- IRREGULAR # OF BEATS THAT ADD UP TO A LARGER PATTERN
- TEXTURE
- INTERWEAVING OF MELODY (HORIZONTAL) AND HARMONY (VERTICAL) ELEMENTS OF MUSIC.
-
ON-BEAT
OFF-BEAT -
FEET ON FLOOR
OFF FLOOR - SPIRITUAL
- FOLK MUSIC OR WORD OF MOUTH
- SCOTT JOPLIN
-
1ST AFRICAN AMERICAN COMPOSER - RAGE-TIME
NO 0'S IN MUSIC - INSTUMENTS OF AN ORCHESTRA
-
STRING
WOODWINDS
BRASS
PERCUSSION - HAVE TO HIT OR SHAKE - STRING INSTRUMENTS
-
VIOLING
CELLO
STRING BASS - WOODWINDS
-
FLUTE
PICCOLO
CLARINET - BRASS
-
TRUMPET
TRUMBONE
FRENCH HORN
BARITONE HORN
TUBA - PERCUSSION
-
MARIMBA
VIBRAPHONE
ZYLOPHONE
CHIMES
DRUM
TRIANGLE
CYMBOLS - INSTRUMENTS THAT MAKE A NOISE BUT CAN NOT MAKE A MELODY ON IT
-
DRUM
TRIANLE
CYMBALS - MODE
- SEQUENCE OF NOTE (MAJOR OR MINOR)
- what need to be present to get melody
-
pitches
succession - seccession
- a following of note in order of time or place, or a series of notes in sequence
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