Hallmarks
Terms
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- Albumino-Cytologic Dissociation
- 192. Guillain-Barre (markedly increased protein in CSF with only modest increase in cell count)
- Antiplatelet Antibodies
- 193. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
- Arachnodactyly
- 194. MarfanÂ’s
- Aschoff Bodies
- 195. Rheumatic fever
- Auer Rods
- 196. Acute promyelocytic leukemia (AML type M3)
- Autosplenectomy
- 197. Sickle cell anemia: switch a glu ! val in ß chain 198. Low O2 . sickling 199. Aplastic crisis w/ B19 (Parvovirus ssDNA) infection 200. Salmonella osteomyelitis 201. Vaso-occlusive painful crisises 202. Hydroxyurea as Txt (. HbF) & Bone marrow transplant
- Babinski
- 203. UMN lesion
- Basophilic Stippling of RBCs
- 204. Lead poisoning
- Bence Jones Protein
- 205. Multiple myeloma free light chains (either kappa or lambda) 206. WaldenstromÂ’s macroglobinemia
- Birbeck Granules
- 207. Histiocytosis X (eosinophilic granuloma)
- Blue Bloater
- 208. Chronic Bronchitis (at least 3 months for at least 2 years of ecessive mucus secretion & chronic recurrent productive cough)
- Boot-Shaped Heart
- 209. Tetralogy of Fallot
- BouchardÂ’s Nodes
- 210. Osteoarthritis (Proximal IP joint of the fingers)
- BoutonniereÂ’s Deformity
- 211. Rheumatoid arthritis flex proximal & extend distal IP joints
- Brown Tumor
- 212. Hyperparathyroidism
- Brushfield Spots
- 213. DownÂ’s
- Call-Exner Bodies
- 214. Granulosa cell tumor: associated w/ endometrial hyperplasia & carcinoma 215. Granuloma-Theca cell tumor
- Cardiomegaly with Apical Atrophy
- 216. Chagas. Disease
- Chancre
- 217. 1° Syphilis
- Chancroid
- 218. Haemophilus ducreyi
- Charcot Triad
- 219. Multiple sclerosis = nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech
- Charcot-Leyden Crystals
- 220. Bronchial asthma
- Cheyne-Stokes Breathing
- 221. Cerebral lesion
- Chocolate Cysts
- 22. Endometriosis
- ChvostekÂ’s Sign
- 223. Hypocalcemia facial spasm in tetany
- Clue Cells
- 224. Gardnerella vaginitis
- CodmanÂ’s Triangle
- 225. Osteosarcoma
- Cold Agglutinins
- 226. Mycoplasma pneumoniae 227. Infectious mononucleosis
- Condyloma Lata
- 228. 2° Syphilis 229. New coffee flavor at Bagel & Bagel
- Cotton Wool Spots
- 230. HTN 231. Aka, cytoid bodies seen w/ SLE (yellowish cotton wool fundal lesions)
- Councilman Bodies
- 232. Dying hepatocytes . HepB
- Crescents In BowmanÂ’s Capsule
- 233. Rapidly progressive (crescentic glomerulonephritis)
- Currant-Jelly Sputum
- 234. Klebsiella
- CurschmannÂ’s Spirals
- 235. Bronchial asthma
- Depigmentation Of Substantia Nigra
- 236. ParkinsonÂ’s
- Donovan Bodies
- 237. Granuloma inguinale (STD)
- Eburnation
- 238. Osteoarthritis (polished, ivory-like appearance of bone)
- Ectopia Lentis
- 239. MarfanÂ’s
- Erythema Chronicum Migrans
- 240. Lyme Disease
- Fatty Liver
- 241. Alcoholism
- Ferruginous Bodies
- 242. Asbestosis - & Iron laden
- Ghon Focus / Complex
- 243. Tuberculosis (1° & 2°, respectively)
- Glitter Cells
- 244. Acute Pyelonephritis
- GowerÂ’s Maneuver
- 245. DuchenneÂ’s MD use of arms to stand
- HeberdenÂ’s Nodes
- 246. Osteoarthritis (Distal IP joint of the fingers)
- Heinz Bodies
- 247. G6PDH Deficiency
- Heterophil Antibodies
- 248. Infectious mononucleosis (EBV)
- Hirano Bodies
- 249. AlzheimerÂ’s
- Hypersegmented PMNs
- 250. Megaloblastic anemia
- Hypochromic Microcytic RBCs
- 251. Iron-deficiency anemia or ß Thalassemia
- Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction
- 252. Syphilis over-aggressive treatment of an asymptomatic pt. that causes symptoms 2° to rapid lysis
- Joint Mice
- 253. Osteoarthritis (fractured osteophytes)
- Kaussmaul Breathing
- 254. Acidosis / Diabetic Ketoacidosis
- Keratin Pearls
- 255. Squamous Cell CA of skin Actinic Keratosis is a precursor
- Keyser-Fleischer Ring
- 256. WilsonÂ’s
- Kimmelstiel-Wilson Nodules
- 257. Diabetic nephropathy: Nodular Glomerulosclerosis nodules of mesangial matrix
- Koilocytes
- 258. HPV 6 & 11 (condyloma acuminatum - benign) and HPV 16 & 18 (malignant association)
- Koplik Spots
- 259. Measles
- Lewy Bodies
- 260. ParkinsonÂ’s (eosinophilic inclusions in damaged substantia nigra cells)
- Lines of Zahn
- 261. Arterial thrombus
- Lisch Nodules
- 262. Neurofibromatosis (von RecklinhausenÂ’s disease) = pigmented iris hamartomas
- Lumpy-Bumpy IF Glomeruli
- 263. Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis . prototype of nephritic syndrome
- Mallory Bodies
- 264. Alcoholic hepatitis
- McBurneyÂ’s Sign
- 265. Appendicitis (McBurneyÂ’s Point is 2/3 of the way from the umbilicus to anterior superior iliac spine)
- Michealis-Gutmann Bodies
- 266. Malakoplakia lesion on bladder due to macros & calcospherites (M-G Bodies): usually due to E. Coli
- Monoclonal Antibody Spike
- 267. Multiple myeloma this is called the M protein (usually IgG or IgA) 268. MGUS
- Myxedema
- 269. Hypothyroidism
- Negri Bodies
- 270. Rabies
- Neuritic Plaques
- 271. AlzheimerÂ’s
- Neurofibrillary Tangles
- 272. AlzheimerÂ’s
- Non-pitting Edema
- 273. Myxedema 274. Anthrax Toxin
- Notching of Ribs
- 275. Coarctation of Aorta
- Nutmeg Liver
- 276. CHF = causing congested liver
- Owls Eye Cells
- 277. CMV 278. Reed Sternburg Cells (Hodkins Lymphoma) 279. Aschoff cells seen w/ Rheumatic Fever
- Painless Jaundice
- 280. Pancreatic CA (head)
- Pannus
- 281. Rheumatoid arthritis, also see morning stiffnes that . w/ joint use, HLA-DR4
- PautrierÂ’s Microabscesses
- 282. Mycosis fungoides (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma), Sezary
- Philadelphia Chromosome
- 283. CML
- Pick Bodies
- 284. PickÂ’s Disease
- 2 types of COPD
- 285. Pink Puffer . Type A: Emphysema 286. Blue Bloater . Type B: Bronchitis 287. Emphysema Centroacinar . smoking Panacinar - a1-antitrypsin deficiency
- Podagra
- 288. Gout (MP joint of hallux)
- Port-Wine Stain
- 289. Hemangioma
- Posterior Anterior Drawer Sign
- 290. Tearing of the ACL
- Psammoma Bodies
- 291. Papillary adenocarcinoma of the thyroid 292. Serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary 293. Meningioma 294. Mesothelioma
- Punched-Out Bone Lesions
- 296. Multiple myeloma
- Rash on Palms & Soles
- 297. 2° Syphilis 298. RMSF 299. Coxsackie virus infection: Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease
- Red Morning Urine
- 300. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. You would use HamÂ’s test to confirm.
- Reed-Sternberg Cells
- 301. HodgkinÂ’s Disease
- Reid Index Increased
- 302. Chronic bronchitis = .d ratio of bronchial gland to bronchial wall thickness
- Reinke Crystals
- 303. Leydig cell tumor
- Rouleaux Formation
- 304. Multiple myeloma RBCÂ’s stacked as poker chips
- S3 Heart Sound
- 305. L.R Shunt (VSD, PDA, ASD) 306. Mitral Regurg 307. LV Failure
- S4 Heart Sound
- 308. Pulmonary Stenosis 309. Pulmonary HTN
- Schwartzman Reaction
- 310. Neisseria meningitidis impressive rash with bugs
- Smith Antigen
- 311. SLE (also anti-dsDNA) 312. Malar Rash, Wire loop kidney lesions, Joint pain, False (+) syphilis test (VDRL) 313. 90% 14-45 yo females 314. also seen w/ use of INH; Procainamide; Hydralazine = SLE-like syndrome
- Soap Bubble on X-Ray
- 315. Giant cell tumor of bone
- Spike & Dome Glomeruli
- 316. Membranous glomerulonephritis = Nephrotic syndrome 317. Spike = basement membrane material & Dome = immune complex deposits (IgG orC3)
- String Sign on X-ray
- 318. CrohnÂ’s bowel wall thickening
- Target Cells
- 319. Thalassemia in a Thalassemia w/ no a gene: Hydrops Fetalis & Intrauterine death associations = HbBarts
- Tendinous Xanthomas
- 320. Familial Hypercholesterolemia
- Thyroidization of Kidney
- 321. Chronic pyelonephritis
- Tophi
- 322. Gout
- Tram-Track Glomeruli
- 323. Membranoproliferative GN: Nephritic syndrome . basement membrane is duplicated into 2 layers
- TrousseauÂ’s Sign
- 324. Visceral ca, classically pancreatic (migratory thrombophlebitis) 325. Hypocalcemia (carpal spasm 326. These are two entirely different disease processes and different signs, but they unfortunately have the same name.
- VirchowÂ’s Node
- 327. Supraclavicular node enlargement by metastatic carcinoma of the stomach
- Warthin-Finkeldey Giant Cells
- 328. Measles
- WBC Casts
- 329. Pyelonephritis
- WhippleÂ’s Triad
- 330. CNS disfunction . Hypoglycemic episodes . glu injection reverses CNS SymptÂ’s
- Wire Loop Glomeruli
- 331. Lupus nephropathy, type IV (diffuse proliferative form)
- AFP in amniotic fluid or motherÂ’s serum
- 332. Spina Bifida 333. Anencephaly
- Uric Acid
- 334. Gout 335. Lesch Nyhan 336. Myeloproliferative Disorders 337. Diuretics (Loop & Thiazides)
- FEV1/FVC
- 338. COPD
- Ground Glass. on chest x-ray (Hyaline)
- 339. Due to Pneumocystis carinii 340. Seen w/ Atelectasia
- Honey Combing of the lung
- 341. Seen w/ Asbestosis (a restrictive lung disease)
- Crescents
- 342. Goodpastures syndrome (pneumonia w/ hemoptysis & rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis)
- Linear Ig Deposits
- 343. Goodpastures syndrome 45 Degree Branch Points 344. Aspergillosis
- PAS(+) Dutcher Bodies
- 345. WaldenstromÂ’s Macroglobulinemia = .IgM = Hyperviscosity
- .Ground Glass. in Abdomen(Hyaline)
- 346. Seen in the hepatocytes of healthy carriers of HBsAg in liver biopsies
- .Signet Ring. Cells
- 347. Cells that replace the ovaries, due to KrukenbergÂ’s tumor that has metastasized from the stomach
- Ground Glass Appearance (Hyaline)
- 348. Seen w/ Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy oligodendrocytes 349. Nuclei seen in Papillary CA of the thyroid (malignant)
- Congo Red
- 350. Shows amyloid deposition in plaques & vascular walls
- Meningiomas & Progesterone
- 351. Some meningiomas have Progesterone receptors = rapid growth in pregnancy can occur
- Tuberous Sclerosis Triad
- 352. Seizures; Mental retardation; Leukoderma (congenital facial white spots or macules): angiofibromas
- Cowdry A Inclusions
- 353. Seen w/ Herpes Simplex Encephalitis . in oligodendroglia
- DevicÂ’s Syndrome
- 354. .Neuromyelitis Optica. 355. A variant of multiple sclerosis: rapid demyelination of the optic nerve & spinal cord w/ paraplegia
- c-erb B2
- 356. Breast Cancer association
- Foster-Kennedy Syndrome
- 357. A tumor causing blindness & loss of smell w/ papilloedema
- HoffmanÂ’s Sign
- 358. Flicking of the middle fingerÂ’s nail
- Red Nucleus Destruction
- 359. Intention tremors of the arm
- Ventral Spinocerebellar tr.
- 360. Unconscious proprioception of lower extremities
- Dorsal Spinocerebellar tr.
- 361. Unconscious prorpioception & fine motor movements
- Cuneocerebellar tr.
- 362. Unconscious proprioception & fine motor movements of upper extremities
- Dorsal Column
- 363. Conscious proprioception of the body
- Lateral Spinothalamic tr.
- 364. Pain & Temperature sensation
- Ventral Spinothalamic tr.
- 365. Light touch perception
- SVA
- 366. Taste & Smell
- GSE 3
- 67. Muscles of the eye & of the tongue
- SSA
- 368. Vision; Hearing; Equilibrium
- GVA
- 369. Sensation of tongue; soft palate. Carotid Body & Sinus innervation
- GVE
- 372. Viscera
- GSA
- 373. Pain & temperature of face 374. Sensation of external ear
- SVE
- 375. Innervation of muscles of masticaiton, facial expressions, larynx & pharynx
- LMN Lesion
- 376. Werndig Hoffman (progressive infantile muscular atrophy) 377. Poliomyelitis
- Sensory Pathway Lesion
- 378. Subacute Combined Degeneration = FriedrichÂ’s Ataxia = B12 deficiency 379. Tabes Dorsalis (Neurosyphilis)
- Both UMN & LMN Lesion
- 380. ALS = Lou GherigÂ’s Disease
- Both Sensory & Motor Lesion
- 381. Brown Sequard 382. Anterior Spinal artery Occlusion
- Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
- 383. Controls circadian rhythm
- Ventromedial Nucleus
- 384. Satiety center. Savage behavior & obesity when lesioned
- Lateral Nucleus
- 385. Induces eating. Starvation when lesioned
- Arcuate Nucleus
- 386. Releases PIF (dopa-ergic neurons)
- Mamillary Body
- 387. Can have hemorrhages as seen in WernickeÂ’s Encephalopathy
- Acanthocytes
- 388. RBSc w/ spiny projections. Seen in Abetalipoproteinemia.