History Terms
History Terms for the Mid term on Wednesday. preid all the way
Terms
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- Jury
- a panel of citizens who have the authority to make the final judgment in a trial
- Codify
- arrange and set down in writing
- Pictograph
- simple drawings that look like objects they represent
- Direct Democracy
- a system where citizens take part in day-to-day affairs
- Philip II
- the father of alexander and king of the Greek Kingdom
- Alexander the Great
- the architect of the new era who conquered land from Greece to India
- Empire
- a group of states or territories conrtolled by one leader
- Nomads
- people who moved from place to place to find food
- Philosophers
- lovers of wisdom
- Archeology
- the study of history through material remains
- Osiris
- the main god egyptians related to because his story touched the human emotions of love and jelosy
- Colony
- territoy settled and ruled by people of another land
- Trojan war
- the war taking place between the greeks and troy im 1250 B.C.
- Crimial law
- bracnh of law that deals with robbery, assult, and murder
- Nebuchadenezzer
- the 2nd king of babylon who revived babylon
- Civil Law
- branch of law that deals with private rights and matters
- Surplus
- more than necessary, used with food
- Prehistory
- the long period of time before people invented writing
- Sparta
- the city-state built by Dorius
- Amon-Re
- The great god worshiped by the egyptians, a combination of aom and the sun god Re
- City- State
- a political unit that included a city and its surrounding villages
- Catalhuyuk
- one of the first Neolithic villages in modern day turkey
- Democracy
- a government run by the people
- Bureaucracy
- a system of government that includes different job functions and levels of authority
- dynasty
- ruling family to ruling family
- Alphabet
- writing system where each symbo represents a sound
- Aristotle
- platos most famous student, developed his own views on government
- Plato
- socrates student, opened an academy school
- Comedies
- humorous plays that made fun of human actions
- Akhenaton
- a pharoh who challeneged the priests of Amon- Re, who wroshiped aton and chnaged his name to mean he who serves aton
- alliance
- a formal agreement between two or more nations or powers to cooperate and come to eachothers defense
- The Epic of Gilgamesh
- the first story told orally about a great flood that destoyed the world
- Polis
- Greek city-state
- Old stone age
- Paleolithic period, between 2 million B.C. and 10,000 B.C.
- Archimedes
- hellenistic scientist who applied the principles of physics
- Hatshepsut
- the 1st female king of egypt
- technology
- the skills and tools people use to meet their basic needs and wants
- Fresco
- artwork that decorated the walls/rooms
- delta
- triangular marsh area where rivers drain into
- Sumer
- worlds first civilization in south eastern mesopotamia
- Scribe
- specialy trained people who could read and write
- Phalanx
- a massive tactical formation of soilders during war
- Aristocracy
- a government ruled by the heredity landholding wealthy elite
- Domesticate
- rasied in a controlled way to make them best sutiable for human use
- Fertile Crescent
- a region in the middle east with rich soils and golden wheat fields
- Tyrant
- people who gained power through force
- Herodotus
- called the "Father Of History"
- shrine
- areas for the Gods
- assassination
- murder of a public figure usually for political reasons
- decipher
- figuring out or decoding messages
- Artifact
- objects made by humans, used long a go, remains made by humans that were left behind
- Hippocrates
- the greek physician who studied the causes of illnesses and looked for cures
- Polytheistic
- belief in many gods
- Money economy
- an economy based on goods and services are paid by a token of some sorts
- Strait
- narrow water passage
- New stong age
- Neolithic period, from 10,000 B.C. to the end of prehistory
- Barter economy
- an economy with an exchange of goods or services for a set of good sor services
- Heliocentric
- a sun-centered solar system
- Cultural diffusion
- the spread of ideas, customs, and technology from one people to another
- Steppe
- sparse, dry grasslands
- Ziggurat
- a large stepped platform topped by a temple dedicated to the city's chief God
- Pericles
- the statesman who controlled persia after the Persian wars and the economy thrived
- Culture
- the way of life in a society
- Homer
- a poet, lived around 750 B.C. wrote the epic cycle
- Civilization
- a complex, highly organized, social order
- Mummification
- the preservation of dead bodies by embalming them and wrapping them in cloth to preserve the dead for the afterlife
- Parthenon
- an example of greek arcitecture, a temple dedicated to the goddess Athena
- Isis
- the main goddess egyptians related to because her story touched himan emotions of love and jelosy
- Cuneiform
- First known type of writing, invented by the sumerians, which uses wedges and cuneus is "wedge"
- Olduvai
- deep canyon in Tanzania
- Hammurabi
- king of babylonn and brought much of mesopotamia under his control
- Vizier
- a chief minsiter
- Cataract
- a waterfall
- Tragedy
- plays that told stories about human suffering that ended in disaster
- Zoroaster
- a persian thinker who developed a new religion with one god
- Stipend
- a fixed salary
- Hieroglyphics
- a writing form created by the egyptians that uses symbols or pictures to represent objects, concepts, and sounds
- Socrates
- an athenian stonemason and philosopher
- The Aegean Sea
- the sea between Greece and Asia minor(troy)
- Pythagoras
- mathmatichian who derived a formula to calcuate the sides of a right triangle
- Knossos
- a vast place for the ruling family
- assimilated
- abosorbed
- papyrus
- a plant that grows along the nile that was used to create paper
- Pharaoh
- the king of ancient egypt
- Athens
- the city located in Attica
- Jericho
- one of the first Neolithic villages that still exsists today as an Israeli city
- traditional economy
- relies on habit, customs, and rituals and doesn't change over time
- Rhetoric
- the art of skillful speaking
- Acropolis
- the high city on a hill
- oligarchy
- a government with the power in hand of wealthy
- logic
- rational thinking
- Ramses II
- became the pharaoh pf the new kingdom after Thutmose
- Anthropology
- the study of history through culture
- Neolithic Revolution
- the transition from nomadic life to settles farming
- Alexandria
- The heart of the Hellinistic world
- Animism
- the beliefs that the world is full of spirits and forces in animals and objects
- Mesopotamia
- "between the rivers" the area in the fertile crescent between the eurphartes and tirgirs river
- Thutmose III
- step-son of Hatshepsut
- Ostracism
- the ability to vote to banish or send away a person they thought was a threat to their democracy
- Monarchy
- a government where a heridity ruler excersises central power
- Sargon
- ruler of akkad which conquered the neighboring city-states of sumer
- Historian
- scholars who study and write about the historical past
- Rosetta stone
- the flat balck stone associated with hieroglyphics
- Hieracrhy
- A system of ranking groups in each society
- Citizen
- the free residents
- Legislature
- the law making body
- Artisan
- skilled craftspeople