Inside Earth Ch. 1
Terms
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- What is Earth constantly doing?
- Changing
- Why is it difficult to explain the inside of the earth?
- Because we can't see it!
- What do we use to "see" what is in inside the earth.
- Evidence
- What is direct evidence?
- evidence you can see such as rocks.
- What is indirect evidence?
- evidence you can't see such as seismic waves.
- What are the 3 MAIN layers?
- Crust, mantle and core. (In that order from outer to inner)
- What are 3 differences in the layers?
- temperature, composition, and pressure
- Solids can sometimes behave like....
- liquids
- Things that are more dense will be on the...,.
- bottom
- For every _____meters that we go down the temperature rises __ degree celcius
- 40m 1 degree celcius
- The result of the left over heat when the earth formed is?
- radioactivity
- Why does pressure rise as you go further down through the Earth?
- because of the land above you
- What is the core composed of?
- iron & nickel
- The CORE has an inner core and an outer core. What is the inner core composed of? Outer core composed of?
-
outer core=liquid
inner core= solid - How many kilometer thick is the core?
- 3,486 km thick.
- What surrounds the inner core?
- molten metal
- Describe the inner core.
- A dense ball of solid metal
- There is so much pressure in the inner core, that it can't do what?
- become liquid
- What are elements that the core also *MAY* contain?
- oxygen, sulfur, silicon
- The movement in the liquid outer core creates a what?
- magnetic field
- Why does a compass always point North?
- magnetic fields
- Name the layers from outest to inner.
- Crust, Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Mantle, Lower Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core
- What is the definetion of the crust?
- Layer of solid rock that includes both dry land and ocean floor.
- How thick is the crust?
- 5-40 km thick
- What is the GREATEST thickness of the crust?
- 70 km thick
- What is the oceanic crust and describe it? ~this is part of the crust~
- Basalt, Color=dark, Texture= fine.
- What type of rock is the continenetal crust made up of and describe it?
- Granite, light color, the texture is coarse
- Give the definetion of the Mantle.
- The layer of hot, solid, material between the crust and core.
- The layers in the mantle are separated based on what?
- physical charicteristics
- Overall the mantle is how many kilometers thick?
- 3,000
- What is the most upper part of the mantle and crust?
- Lithosphere
- How thick is the Lithosphere?
- 100 km thick.
- What is increased in the Asthenosphere?
- temperature and pressure
- What are the roots for lithosphere and asthenesphere?
-
Lith=stone
Asthenes=weak - Why is the rock less rigid and can bend in the Asthenosphere?
- More pressure and hot temperatures
- What happens over time in the Atenosphere?
- The rock flows
- Describe the lower mantle.
- Solid & extends to core.
- What does heat make particles do?
- MOVE FASTER, which takes up more space, which causes it to become LESS DENSE
- What is the transfer in heat transfer?
- hot to cold
- What is Radiation?
- moving through space
- What is Conduction?
- heat transfer by molecules touching
- What is Convection?
- heat transfer by movement of fluids.
- What 2 things can fluids be?
- gas or liquid
- What is the mathematical equation for Density?
- mass divided by volume