ABeka History 11 - Chapter 4 - Terms
Terms
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- Halfway Covenant
- permitted descendants of church members to become church members with full privileges, except for participation in Communion
- Methodist Revival
- revival of Biblical Christianity in England between 1730 and 1760; begun by John and Charles Wesley
- Great Awakening
- revival of Biblical Christianity in America between 1730 and 1760; begun by Jonathan Edwards
- Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God
- the most famous sermon Jonathan Edwards preached
- Fort Duquesne
- French fort at the fork of the Monongahela and Allegheny rivers
- Albany Plan
- called for a union of the colonies; proposed by Ben Franklin
- Peace of Paris
- officially concluded the French and Indian War in 1763
- Where and when did the Great Awakening begin?
- Northampton, Massachusetts; 1734
- Who was colonial America's foremost theologian?
- Jonathan Edwards
- What were three important, long-lasting results of the Great Awakening?
- (1) Thousands of sinners were converted and countless believers were revived; (2) a new missionary spirit was kindled; (3) new colleges were founded; (4) the people were prepared for religious and political freedom
- What four colleges grew directly out of the Great Awakening?
- Princeton, Brown, Rutgers, Dartmouth
- Name the four wars fought between England and France between 1689 and 1763.
- (1) King William's War; (2) Queen Anne's War; (3) King George's War; (4) the French and Indian War
- Name three English advantages in the French and Indian War.
- (1) highly centralized colonial government, (2) well fortified city of Quebec, and (3) alliance of all Indian tribes except Iroquois and Cherokees
- Name the French fortress-city that fell to British forces.
- Quebec
- Name the three provisions of the Peace of Paris.
- (1) France surrendered Canada and all of her territory east of the Mississippi River to England; (2) New Orleans and all French territory west of the Mississippi were granted to Spain; and (3) Spain was forced to give up Florida to Great Britain.
- Who led attacks on Beausejour and Ft. St. John?
- British General Robert Monckton
- Where did Braddock's defeat take place and when?
- near Ft. Duquesne in July 1755
- Name the battle which took place near Quebec.
- Plains of Abraham
- What European power claimed part of Alaska?
- Russia
- Which European power controlled the largest portion of North America in 1713? in 1763?
- France; England
- How did the Halfway Covenant encourage cold, ineffective Christianity?
- The Halfway Covenant allowed non-Christians to become church members. Rather than the church changing sinners, sinners started changing the church.
- How did the Albany Plan set important precedents for American independence?
- The colonies were meeting to work toward a common cause as well as thinking about the idea of defending one another against a mutual enemy.
- Compare English and French advantages in the French and Indian War. Who seemed more likely to win? Why?
- The English had superior manpower; thriving agriculture, industry, and trade; and control of the high seas. The French had a highly centralized colonial government, the well-fortified city of Quebec, and an alliance with all the Indian tribes except the Iroquois and Cherokees. The English seemed more likely to win because they had a larger, better-equipped army, which also had the support of a powerful navy. All they had to do was overcome their command problems, and William Pitt the Elder took care of that.
- How did the Great Awakening strengthen the development of political freedom in America?
- Many Americans realized that if men are to have true religious freedom, they cannot be barred from political activity because of their religion; and, if all men are equal in the eyes of God, all men deserve equal justice under the law.
- Why did English colonists begin to view themselves as Americans instead of Englishmen?
- As spiritual, military, and economic differences arose, the colonists realized they were different from their British kin. As these differences with England grew, the bond between the colonies and England weakened.