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Ch. 1 Barron's Book

Vocabulary terms from Ch.1 in the Barron's Book

Terms

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Quantitative data
Data associated with mathematical models and statistical techniques used to analyze spatial location and association.
Cultural ecology
The study of the interactions between societies and the natural environments they live in.
Geographical Information Systems
A set of computer tools used to capture, store, transform, analyze, and display geographic data.
Fertile Crescent
Name given to crescent-shaped area of fertile land stretching from the lower Nile valley, along the east Mediterranean coast, and into Syria and present-day Iraq where agriculture and early civilization first began about 800
Remote sensing
Observation and mathematical measurement of the earth's surface using aircraft and satellites. The sensors include both photographic images, thermal images, multispectral scanners, and radar images.
Nomothetic
Concepts or rules that can be applied universally.
George Perkins Marsh
Inventor, diplomat, politician, and scholar, his classic work, Man and Nature, or Physical Geography as Modified by Human Action, provided the first description of the extent to which natural systems had been impacted by human actions.
Sustainability
The concept of using the earth's resources in such they provide for people's needs in the present without diminishing ability to provide for future generations.
Physical geography
The realm of geography that studies the structures, processes, distributions, and change through time of the natural phenomena of the earth's surface.
Sense of place
Feelings evoked by people as a result of certain eJ and memories associated with a particular place.
Region
A territory that encompasses many places that share similar attributes (may be physical, cultural, or both) in comparison with the attributes of places elsewhere.
Qualitative data
Data associated with a more humanistic approach to geography, often collected through interviews, empirical observations, or the interpretation of texts, artwork, old maps, and other archives.
Global Positioning System
A set of satellites used to help determine location anywhere on the earth's surface with a portable electronic device.
Earth system science
Systematic approach to physical geography that looks at the interaction between the earth's physical systems and processes on a global scale.
Ptolemy
Roman geographer-astronomer and author of Guide to Geography which included maps containing a grid system of latitude and longitude.
Natural landscape
The physical landscape or environment that has not been affected by human activities.
W. D. Pattison
He claimed that geography drew from four distinct traditions: the earth-science tradition, the culture-environment tradition, the locational tradition, and the area-analysis tradition.
Carl Sauer
Geographer from the University of California at Bed defined the concept of cultural landscape as the fundamental un graphical analysis. This landscape results from interaction betwee and the physical environment. Sauer argued that virtually no land escaped alteration by human activities.
Eratosthenes
The head librarian at Alexandria during the third century B.C.; he was one of the first cartographers. Performed a remarkably accurate computation of the earth's circumference. He is also credited with coining the term "geography."
Regional geography
The study of geographic regions.
Thematic layers
Individual maps of specific features that are of another in a Geographical Information System to understand spatial relationship.
Environmental geography
The intersection between human and physical geography, which explores the spatial impacts humans have on the physical environment and vice versa.
Quantitative revolution
A period in human geography associated with the widespread adoption of mathematical models and statistical techniques.
Anthropogenic
Human-induced changes on the natural environment.
Systematic geography
The study of the earth's integrated systems instead of focusing on particular phenomena in a single place.
Idiographic
Pertaining to the unique facts or characteristics of a particular place.
Cartography
Theory and practice of making visual representations of the earth's surface in the form of maps.
Spatial perspective
An intellectual framework that looks at the locations of specific phenomena, how and why that phenomena is , and, finally, how it is spatially related to phenomena in other place

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