The Cultural Landscape: An Introduction to Human Geography Chapter 12 Key Terms
Key terms from chapter 12 (Services) of The Cultural Landscape: An Introduction to Human Geography (8th edition) by James M. Rubenstein.
Terms
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- Personal Services
- The services that provide the well being and personal improvement of individual consumers.
- Dispersed Rural Settlement
- A rural settlement pattern characterized by isolated farms rather than clustered villages.
- Transportation and Information Services
- Services that diffuse and distribute services.
- Nonbasic Industries
- Industries that sell their products primarily to consumers in the community.
- Business Services
- Services that primarily meet the needs of other businesses.
- Public Services
- Services offered by the government to provide security and protection services for citizens and businesses.
- Gravity Model
- The model that holds the potential use of a service at a particular location is directly related to the number of people in a location and inversely related to the distance people must travel to reach the service.
- Enclosure Movement
- The process of consolidating small landholdings into a smaller number of larger farms in England during the 18th century.
- Clustered rural settlement
- A rural settlement in which the houses and farm buildings of each family are situated close to each other and fields surround the settlement.
- Service
- Any activity that fulfills a human want or need and returns money to those who provide it.
- Retail Services
- Services that provide goods for sale to consumers.
- Settlement
- A permanent collection of buildings and inhabitants.
- City-state
- A sovereign state comprising a city and it's immediate hinterland.
- Economic Base
- A community's collection of basic industries.
- rank-size rule
- A pattern of settlements in a country such that a nth largest settlement in 1/n the population of the largest settlement.
- Producer Services
- Services that primarily help people conduct business.
- Threshold
- The minimum number of people needed to support the service.
- Primate City Rule
- A pattern of settlements in a country, such that the largest settlement has more than twice as many people as the 2nd largest settlement.
- Central Place
- A market center for the exchange of services by people attracted from the surrounding areas.
- Basic Industries
- Industries that sell their products primarily to consumers outside the settlement.
- Range
- The maximum distance people are willing to travel to use a service.
- Consumer services
- Businesses that provide services primarily to individual customers, including retail services and personal services.
- Central Business District
- The area of the city where retail and office activities are clustered.
- Central Place Theory
- A theory that explains the distribution of services, based on the fact that settlements serve as centers of the market areas for services; larger settlements are fewer and further apart than smaller settlements and provide services for a larger number of people who are willing to travel further.
- Primate City
- The largest settlement in a country, if it has more than twice as many people as the 2nd ranking settlement.
- Market Area
- The area surrounding a central place from which people are attracted to use the place's goods and services.