Exam 2 World History Part 3
Terms
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- epicurianism
- pleasure seeker
- Aristotle
- student of plato, beleives in existence of absolute reality; no idealism, dualism or ideal plane; everything is real and practical
- Epicurus of Samos
- beleived best result for human behavior is acheived through pleasure; pleasure is primary goal of life; learn to avoid pain; strive for intellectual supriority
- Plato
- writer who wrote dialogues and was taught by Socrates; "ideal plane" and "forms"-beleived everything is a shadowy reflection of what it really is.
- senate
- (300) consulting body; enjoy lifetime appointment; appointed by censor every 5 years if there is vacancy; selected from retired magistrates.
- mystery cults
- devoed to worship of just one God; can belong to numerous cults; servicecs held privatley; emphasis on personal and spiritual fufillment-2 main cults: Isis (egypt) and Mithras (persian)
- Classical Art
- simple; static; relaxed; serene; ideal (not taken from real life)
- Estosthenes of Alexandria
- used geometry to solve problems in real life; proved world is a sphere; accuratley calculated size and tilt of globe
- cosmopolitanism
- rise of individualism; business opportunities everywhere
- mos maiorum
- morals of the majority; means "tradition"; celebration of old customs and values
- Socrates
- maybe a soldier; 2 theories: supreme truth and self examination; motto: know thyself; taught wealthy kids; hates Sophists; asked questions; killed for corrupting the youh
- Alexander the Great
- charisma, born leader; fuses Greek and foreign culture; creates Hellenist Era
- stoicism
- accptance w/ out complaint
- Phillip II of Macedon
- king of Macedon and unifies the Greek world; plans to conquer Persia but it assasinated
- Hellenist Era Art
- energdinary; ordinary life/common people; could be dark; not always people at their best
- Euclid of Alexandria
- systemized geometry; founder of modern geo
- geography of Italy
- mountainous peninsula; deep, navigable rivers; broad flat rier valleys; rich farmland and fertile land; pleasan climate; regular coastlne; some cities have no acces to sea
- Peloponnesian War
- provoked deliberatley by Athens; Sparta and Peloponnesian League vs. Athens and Delian League; for 10 yrs Sparta went to Athens and Ahenians retreat behind wall; temporary truce for 30 years is broken by Athens; Sparta eventually wins
- Archimedes of Syracuse
- most gifted mathematicician of Hellenist era; archimedes claw; water pump and archimedes screw
- Thales of Miletus
- discovered the concep of right angles; computed height of pyramids; 2 theories: universe is controlled by natural laws "logos" and human beings can figure out laws by logic/observation