Thinking Geographically
AP Human Geography
Terms
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- Section
- A square normally 1 mile on a side.
- Possibilism
- The physical environment that may limit some human actions.
- Hierarchical Diffusion
- The spread of an idea from persons or modes of authority or power to other persons or places.
- Parallel
- A circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator and at right angles to the meridians.
- Environmental Determinism
- On how the physical environment caused by social development.
- Township
- A square normally 6 miles on a side.
- Relocation Diffusion
- The spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another.
- Cartography
- The science of making maps.
- Principal Meridian
- A north-south line designated in the Land Ordinance of 1785 to facilitate the surveying and numbering of townships in the US.
- Base Line
- An east-west line designated under the Land Ordinance of 1785 to facilitate the surveying and numbering of townships in the United States.
- Vernacular Region
- A place that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity.
- Toponym
- The name given to a place on Earth.
- Uneven Development
- The increasing gap in economic conditions between regions in the core and periphery that results from the globalization of the economy.
- Cultural Landscape
- Combination of cultural features.
- Region
- An area of Earth distinguished by a distinctive combination of cultural and physical features.
- Meridian
- A line drawn between the North and South poles.
- Projection
- The system that is used to transfer locations from Earth's surface to a flat map.
- Map
- A 2-dimensional or flat-scale model of Earth's surface, or portion of it.
- Physiological Density
- The number of persons per unit if area suitable for agriculture.
- Cultural Ecology
- The geographic study of human-environment relationships.
- Globalization
- A force or process that involves the entire world and results in making something worldwide in scope.
- Greenwich Mean Time
- The international agreement designated at the time at the prime meridian.
- Location
- The position that something occupies on Earth's surface.
- Situation
- The location of a place relative to the other places.
- Longitude
- The location of each meridian is identified on Earth's surface.
- Hearth
- The place from which an innovation originates.
- Land Ordinance of 1785
- A law that divided much of the US. into a system of townships to facilitate the sale of land to settlers.
- Arithmetic Density
- The total number of objects in an area
- Connections
- Relationships among people and objects across the barrier of space.
- Functional Region
- An area organized around a node or focal point.
- Contagious Diffusion
- The rapid widespread diffusion of a characteristic thought the population.
- Space-Time Compression
- The description of the reduction in time it takes for something to reach another time.
- Prime Meridian
- The meridian that passes through the Royal Observatory at Greenwich, England is a 0 degree longitude.
- Culture
- The body of customary beliefs, material traits, and social forms that together constitute the distinct tradition of a group of people.
- Mental Map
- An internal representation of a portion of Earth's surface.
- Place
- A specific point on Earth distinguished by a particular character.
- Resource
- The physical movement with cultural values.
- Space
- The physical gap or interval between two objects.
- Remote Sensing
- The acquisition of data about Earth's surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or other long distance methods.
- Regional Studies
- The contemporary cultural landscape approach in geography.
- Transnational Corporation
- Conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters and principal shareholders are located.
- Latitude
- The numbering system to indicate the location of a parallel.
- Diffusion
- The process by which a characteristic spreads across space form one place to another over time.
- Distribution
- The arrangement of a feature in space.
- Site
- The physical character of a place.
- Polder
- A piece of land that is created by draining water from an area.
- Distance Decay
- When contact diminishes with increase distance and eventually disappears.
- Density
- The frequency with which something occurs in space.
- Scale
- The relationship of a feature's size on map to its actual size on Earth.
- Formal Region
- An area within which everyone shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics.
- Concentration
- The extent of a feature's spread over space.
- Pattern
- The third property of distribution.
- Global Positioning System (GPS)
- A system that can determine accurately the precise position of something on Earth.
- International Date Line
- A line which follows 180 degree longitude, when you cross it, you made the clock back 24 hrs. When moving east, like towards America, you move it ahead 24 hrs.
- Geographic Information System (GIS)
- A computer system that stores, organizes, analyzes, and displays geographic data.
- Stimulus Diffusion
- The spread of an underlying principle, even though a characteristic itself apparently fails to diffuse.
- Agricultural Density
- The number of farmers per unit area of farmland.
- Expansion Diffusion
- The spread of a feature from one place to another in a snowballing process.