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- environmental determinism
- teh view that the natural environment has a controlling influence over various aspects of human life including cultural development
- sequent occupance
- the notion that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place
- AIDS (aquired immune deficiency syndrome)
- Immune system disease caused by the human immunodifficiency virus (HIV)
- location theory
- a logical attempt to explore the location pattern of an economic activity
- pandemic
- an outbreak of disease that spreads world-wide.
- census
- a periodic and official count of coutries population
- culture
- the way you live and the people around you
- expansive population policies
- government policies that encourage large families and raise the rate of population growth
- assessability
- the degree of ease at which it is possible to reach a certain location
- relocation diffusion
- teh regional positional or situation of a place relative to the position of other places
- remote sensing
- collecting data through instruments that are distant from the area of object of study
- reference maps
- maps that show the absolute location of places and geographic features
- quotas
- established limits by governments on the number of immigrants who can enter a country each year
- cultural landscape
- the visible imprint of human activity and culture on the landscape
- independent invention
- a trait that many cultural hearths that develop independent of each other
- distance
- measurement of space between two places
- physiological population density
- the number of people per unit of area of arable land
- international migration
- human movement involving movement across international boundaries
- possibilism
- geographic viewpoint - a response to determinism that holds the human decision making
- arithmetic population density
- the population of a country or region expressed as an average per unit area
- geocaching
- a hunt for a cache, gps coordinates which are placed on the internet by another cache
- mental map
- a map in your head
- Globalization
- The expansion of economics, political and cultural processes to the point that they beome global in scale and impact.
- international refugees
- refugees who have crossed 1 or more international boundaries during their dislocation
- cultural barriers
- things in the culture that stop or slow down the research
- hierarchical diffusion
- an idea innovation spreads by first among the most connected places or peoples
- expansion diffusion
- the spread of an innovation or an idea through a population and the numbers of those influenced rapidly increase
- perception of place
- beliefs or understandings of a place through books or movies
- kinship links
- types of push or pull factors that influence a migrant's decision to go where family or friends have already found success
- chain migration
- pattern of migration that develops when migrants move along and through kinship links
- sense of place
- state of mind derived through the infusion of a place maybe by events that occured there.
- gravity model
- a predication of the interaction of places, population size, distance between them
- absolue location
- a place expressed in degrees, longitude, latitude, north or south, the equator, and north, south, east, west
- geographic information system (gis)
- a collection of computer hardware and software that permits spatial data to be collected
- physical geography
- The spatial analysis of the sturcture of the earth and its features; plants, animals, climate.....
- pull factors
- positive conditions and perceptions that effectively attact people to new locations from other areas
- colonization
- colinizer takes over another place, putting its own government in it
- chronic (degenerative) diseases
- generally long-lasting afflications now more common because of higher life expectations
- laws of migration
- developed by British demographer Ernst Ravenstein, 5 laws that predict the flow of migrants
- infant mortality rate (IMR)
- a figure that describes the number of babies that die within the first year of their lives in the population
- cyclic movements
- shorter periods away from home (commuting).
- population distribution
- description of locations on teh earth's surface where populations live
- explorers
- a person examining a region that is unknown to them
- cutlural trait
- a single attribute of a culture
- intevening opportunity
- the presence of a nearer opportunity that greatly diminishes the attractiveness of sites further away
- thematic maps
- maps that tell stories
- functional region
- a region defined by the particular set of activities or interactions that occur within it
- global positioning system (gps)
- satelite-based system that tells you where you are
- pattern
- the design of spatial distribution
- spatial distribution
- location of geographic phenomena across space.
- population explosion
- the rapid growth of teh world's human population during the past century
- human environment
- reciprocal relationship between humans and environmnet
- culture diffusion
- the process of discemination, teh spread of an idea or innovation from its source area to other places
- doubling time
- the time it takes for a population to double in size
- epidemic
- regional outbreak of a disease
- voluntary migration
- movement in which people relocate in response to perceived opportunity; not forced.
- activity space
- the space where everyday activities occur
- immigration wave
- phenomenon whereby differnt patterns of migraation build upon one another and creat a wave
- nomadism
- movement among a definite set of places. Ex of cyclic movement.
- transhumance
- a seasonal periodic movement of pastorarists and their livestock between highland and lowland
- natural increase
- increase only with births and deaths
- medical geography
- the study of health and diseases with geographic perspective.
- forced migration
- human migration flows in which the movers have not choice but to relocate
- rescale
- players at other scales support other positions
- migration
- a change in residence intended to be permanent
- asylum
- shelter and protection in one state for refugees from another country
- immigration laws
- laws and regulations of a state designed specifically to control immigration into the state
- stationary population level
- the level at which a national population ceases to grow
- life expectancy
- how long an average person lives
- crude death rate
- teh number of deaths
- dot map
- maps where one dot represents a certain number of a phenomenon such as population
- activity space
- a daily routine where someone goes through a regular sequence of short moves within a local area
- child mortality rate
- the number of children that die within their first to fifth years in a population
- contagious diffusion
- the distance controls spreading of an illness through a local population
- cartography
- the art and science of making maps
- human geography
- The study of humans and their cultures, activities, and landscapes
- step migration
- migration to a distant destination that occurs in stages, for example, from farm to nearby village and later to a town and city
- guest workers
- legal immigrant who has work visa, usually short term
- cultural ecology
- an area of inquiry concened with culture as a system of adaptation to environment
- time-distance decay
- the combination of time and distance
- spatial perspective
- observing variations in geographic phenomena across space
- island of development
- place built up by a government or corporation to attract foreign investments and which has high paying jobs
- migrant labor
- people who cross national borders for jobs. Example: periodic movement
- megalopolis
- large cluster of supercities
- movement
- the mobility of people, goods, and ideas across the world
- distance decay
- the effects of distance on interactions, generally greater the distance teh less interaction
- isotherm
- line on a map connecting points equal temperature values
- internal migration
- human movement within a nation-state, such as going westward and southward movements in the US
- spatial interactions
- interactions in earth's space
- push factors
- negative conditions and perceptions that induce people to leave their adobe and migrate to a new location
- demographic transition
- multistage model based on western Europe's experience of change in population growth exhibited by the countries undergoing industrialization
- eugenic population policies
- government policies designed to favor one racial sector over others
- spatial
- having to do with space and earth's surface. Sometimes synonym for geographic.
- relative location
- the regional position or situation of a place relative to the position of other places
- population density
- a mearurement of the number of people per given unit of land
- formal region
- type of region marked by a certain homogenity is one or more phenomena
- place
- uniqueness of a location
- crude birth rate
- the number of live births yearly per thousand people in a population
- geographic concept
- ways of seeing the world spatically that are used by geographers in answering research questions
- refugees
- people who have fled their country because of political persecution and seek asylum in another country
- restrictive population policies
- government policies designed to reduce the rate of natural increase
- population composition
- structure of a population in terms of age, sex and other properties, education
- landscape
- the overall appearance of an area
- perceptional region
- a region that only exists as a conceptualization or an idea and not as a physically demarcated entity
- stimulus diffusion
- a cultural adaptation is cheated as a result fo the introduction of a cultural trait from another place
- five themes
- location, human environment, region, place, movement
- population pyramids
- visual representation of the age and sex composition of a population graph
- fieldwork
- The study of geography by visiting places and observing the people that live there and how they react with the changes there.
- selective immigration
- process to control immigration in which individuals with certain backgrounds are barred from immigrating
- periodic movements
- tempory, recurrent relocation. Example is colodge, military
- region
- an area on the earht's surface that is marked
- connectivity
- the degree of direct linkage between one particular location and other locations in a transport network
- internal refugee
- people who have been displaced within their own countires and do not cross international borders as they flee
- location
- the geographical situation of people and things.
- military service
- up to 10 million people moved to new locations where they will spend tours of duty lasting up to several years
- cultural complex
- many different cultures many different traits
- remittance
- money migrants send back to family and friends in their home countires