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Geography Chap. 7

Terms

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Name two concepts important in understanding how culture changes
innovation-new ways to do things that are useful and valuable

diffusion- when an innovation or cultural trait spreads into another culture
This hunter and gathering group is most associated with the Arctic Circle
Inuits
Ancient Mesopotamia is an example of
culture hearth
Regions of important new ideas and developments are called
culture hearths
Growth in proportion of people living in towns and cities is called
Urbanization
This crop is known as the most widely cultivated plant in the world today
wheat
This crop originated in Mexico and Central American around 5-6 thousand BC
Maize
The study of world people and how they live and how their activities vary from one place to another
cultural or human geography
The fact that teenagers might eat with knives and forks is an example of this
culture trait
The adoption of U.S. blue jeans throughout the world is an example of this
acculturation
This hunter gatherer group is closely associated with Australia
Aborigines
This hunter gatherer group is closely associated with the Kalahari Desert
San (Bushmen)
The world is divided up into nearly ____ countries
200
During what centuries did industrialization spread in Western Europe?
eighteenth and nineteenth centuries
Throughout the world, cultures are mixing and mingling to form a new
world culture
What is a key term in understanding human geography?
culture
Name the causes of cultural conflict
Nationalism
Religion
Traditional versus Modern values
Politics
Economics
Name the characteristics of culture
language
religion
government
economics
food
clothing
architecture
family life
Feeling of pride and loyalty for one's country
Nationalism
This limits the amount of a good that can be imported
quota
In what type of government does only one person and a few advisors govern?
totalitarian government
This is usually a two way process in which each culture changes the other
acculturation
What is the basic food for more than half the world's population?
grain
The world's resources are ___________ distributed
unevenly
What is the main way of life for most of human history?
hunting and gathering
South America is a majority _____ continent
Roman Catholic
This crop originated in South America near the Andes Mt. more than 4000 yrs. ago
Potatoes
This is probably the most important cultural trait?
Language
Geographers believe that agriculture first appeared about _____ years ago
10,000
In what part of the world did agriculture first appear?
Western Asia
What country is considered a Shintoist nation
Japan
What two religions are practiced in Sudan?
Islam and other local religions
What two countries are examples of one country being a single cultural region?
France and Japan
A good portion of the world's ___ population is located in Northern Africa
Islam
Most Indonesians are what religion?
Islam
When did cities first appear?
5000 years ago
Boat building, which was developed independently by people all around the world would be an example of
innovation
What is the more common type of agriculture in the United States?
Commercial agriculture
One of the best examples of cultural diffusion is the spread of
languages
This dramatically altered the earth's physical and human geography
How people have used the land to acquire their resources
When an innovation spreads into another cultural region, which then adopts that element into its own culture, it is called
acculturation
What are the basic needs of all humans
food, clothing, shelter, and water
The predominant religion of Thailand is
Buddism
Why was the development of agriculture an important innovation?
changed how people interacted with their environments
What two continents are predominantly Roman Catholic?
South America and Central America
On what continent do you know you would find a Jewish population
Europe

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