CCS Geography Terms for Final
The terms for the Geography final. For me, it is Friday. Good Luck!
Terms
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- Mesa
- flat top elevated landform smaller than a plateau
- Glacier
- large bodies of ice that move across the surface of the earth (SINGULAR)
- Haciendas
- large estates that landless farmers work
- Feudalism
- a system in which powerful lords gave land to nobles in return for pledgers of loyalty
- Imports
- Goods taken into a country
- Free Enterprise
- an economy which allows individuals to own, operate & profit from their own businesses
- Fold
- A bend in the earth's crust
- Blizzard
- snowstorms with winds in excess of 35 mph, temps below freezing & visibility of less than 500ft (SINGULAR)
- Sunbelt
- the southern United States that has a mild climate
- Pre-History
- the time in a people's past before written records were kept
- Crusades
- a series of religious wars to win Palestine from Muslim rule
- Geography
- The study of the earth and the ways people live and work on it
- Equator
- O degrees Latitude
- Biosphere
- Part of the earth's surface where life is found
- Headwaters
- the source of the water (i.e. where a river begins or orginates)
- Mulattoes
- mixture between blacks & Europeans (PLURAL)
- Communism
- an economic & political systems designed to establish classless societies in which workers would control industrial production
- Timberline
- the elevation above which it is too cold for trees to grow
- Hemisphere
- Half- divides the earth in halves
- Plateau
- flat land mass higher than the surrounding land with at least 1 steep side called a cliff or escarpment
- Polders
- areas in the Netherlands drained of sea water & now used for farmland
- Mestizo
- mixture between Indians & Europeans (SINGULAR)
- Fault
- A break in the earth's crust
- Equinox
- The sun is directly over the Equator; day and night are equal
- Taiga
- the Russian word for forest - huge evergreen trees
- North Pole
- 90 Degrees North
- Deciduous
- trees that lose their leaves in autumn
- Earthquake
- It is caused by movement along faults
- Latitude
- Imaginary lines parallel to the Equator; measure the distance North or South of the Equator in Degrees
- Continental Shelf
- Underwater extension of a continent
- Standard of Living
- a level of material comfort in terms of goods and services available to someone
- Crop Rotation
- rotatation of the crops that a farmer is growing to preserve the soil's nutrients
- Continental Divide
- line that separates the rivers that flow from the opposite ends of the continent
- Subsistence Farming
- farmers who grow just enough food for themselves
- Hydroelectric Power
- the energy of water to create electicity
- Low Latitudes (Tropics)
- Between the Tropic of Capricorn and the Tropic of Cancer
- Hydrosphere
- Oceans, Lakes, Rivers, and other bodies of water on the earth
- Economy
- the movement of money within a country
- Fjords
- a valley along the coastline cut by glaciers
- Avalanche
- mass of ice, snow, or rock that slides down a mountain side
- Precipitation
- the falling of moisture to the earth
- Tropic of Cancer
- 23 1/2 Degrees North
- Isthumus
- narrow piece of land connecting 2 larger land masses
- Mobile
- moving from place to place
- History
- the written information about a people's past to learn what, how, & why things happened
- Natural Resources
- Elements from the earth that are not made by people, but can be used by them
- Axis
- The 23 1/2 degree slanted imaginary line that the earth spins upon; points toward the North Star; Runs through the center of the earth betwen the North and South Pole
- International Date Line
- 180 degrees longitude
- Absolute Location
- Its precise location of a place on the globe "X marks the Spot"
- Weathering
- The process that breaks down rocks
- Renewable Resources
- Resources that can be replaced (Plants and animal life)
- Weather
- Condition of the atmospere in one place during a short period of time
- Temperature
- Measure of how hot or cold something is
- Tsunami
- Huge ocean waves created by an earthquake
- Typhoon
- Pacific hurricanes that threaten Hawaii & the Pacific islands
- Oasis
- an area of lush vegetation supported by underground springs in a desert area
- Prime Meridian
- 0 degrees longitude and runs through the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, England
- Strait
- a narror passageway connecting a large body of water
- Exports
- Goods taken out of a country
- Tornado
- a powerful, whirling windstorm up to 300 mph
- Water Cycle
- Regular movement of water from ocean to air to ground to ocean
- Escarpment
- steep cliff or slope between a higher & lower land surface
- Reformation
- religious movement which lessened the power of the Roman Catholic Church & led to the beginning of Protestantism
- Renaissance
- the rebirth of learning
- Rotation
- The turn of the earth everyday
- Countour Plowing
- plowing along the natural curves of the land
- Isthumus
- Narrow piece of land that connects 2 large landmasses and separates 2 bodies of water
- Culture Hearths
- places where civilizations began
- Suburbs
- the outlying communities of a central city
- Service Industries
- provide services rather than produce goods or a product
- Revolution
- The trip that Earth takes around the sun every 365 1/4 days
- Temperate
- Fairly hot to fairly cold climate
- Literacy Rate
- the number of people that can read & write
- Lithosphere
- The earth's surface; land that's called the earth's crust
- Prevailing Winds
- winds that blow in fairly constant patterns (PLURAL)
- Peat
- kind of vegetable matter usually composed of mosses; was traditionally burned as fuel in some western european homes
- Tsunami
- huge ocean waves created by an earthquake
- Evaporation
- Changing of liquid water into a vapor
- Estuary
- where the mouth of the river meets the salt water
- South Pole
- 90 Degrees South
- Solstice
- the day on which the northernmost & southernmost point on the earth receive direct rays of the sun
- Cultural Diffusion
- the spread of people, ideas, practices, & goods from one culture to another
- Crust
- huge plate-like section of rock that float on the mantle
- Elevation
- For every 1000 ft of _____________ temperature drops 3.5 degrees
- Consumer Goods
- household goods, shoes & clothing that individual buy
- Canopy
- top layer of the rainforest where the treetops come together to form a covering
- Glaciers
- Large bodies of ice that move across the surface of the earth (PLURAL)
- llanos
- large fertile plains in Venezuela
- Non-Renewable Resources
- Resources that can never be replaced (Fossil fuels, mineral)
- Industry
- the way or manner of which a group of people produce goods & services
- Tundra
- short mosses, bushes, & very short grasses, lichens
- Chinook
- warm wind that blows down from the Rockies in winter & early spring
- Gaucho
- mestizo cowboys, made their living herding cattle on horseback
- Erosion
- The wearing away of the earth's surface by wind, flowing water, and glaciers
- Tributary
- a brook, river & stream that feed their waters into 1 river (SINGULAR)
- Plateau
- Area that's higher than surrounding land and usually has one steep side called a cliff
- Doldrums
- an area at the Equator where the wind doesn't blow
- Republic
- a form of government in which people elect their own officials
- Climate
- Weather patterns that an area experiences during a long period of time
- Archipelago
- Group of closely scattered islands
- Refugee
- people fleeing to a foreign country for safety
- Ring of Fire
- Collection of volcanoes rimming the Pacific Ocean, really a ring of subduction zones
- fault
- a break in the earth's crust
- Culture
- the way of life of a group of people with common traditions, interests, & beliefs
- Industrialization
- the setting up of manufacturing that uses machinery
- Pampas
- grassy, treeless plains of Argentina & Uruguay
- Immigrant
- people who leave their home countries to settle permanently in other countries
- Atmosphere
- The air that surrounds the earth
- Upper Latitudes
- Between 66 1/2 degrees latitude and 90 degrees latitude
- MIddle Latitudes
- Between 23 1/2 degrees latitude and 66 1/2 degrees latitude; temperate climate
- Permafrost
- permanently frozen soil
- Population Density
- the average number of people per square mile
- Hurricane
- a powerful, whirling storm that forms over oceans, larger than a tornado, brings winds and rains
- Ground Water
- Fresh water that lies beneath the earth's surface that supplies springs and wells
- Holocaust
- mass killing of more than 6 million European Jews & others by the Germans
- Urbanization
- the movement of people from rural areas into the cities
- Tropic of Capricorn
- 23 1/2 Degrees South