ROP9
Terms
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- Antigens
- Foreign substances that, when introduced into the body, stimulate the production of an antibody.
- Sterile field
- Microorganism-free area.
- Surgical asepsis
- Sterile technique; practice that keeps an object or an area completely free of microorganisms and spores.
- Susceptible host
- Individual who has difficulty combating microorganisms and is at risk for developing an infection.
- Systemic infection
- Illness caused by microorganisms that spread to and damage other body areas.
- Transmission-based Precautions
- Guidelines used in addition to Standard Precautions for any client with known or suspected infections that are spread by airborne or droplet transmission, or by physical contact.
- Transmission
- Manner in which the microorganism gets to the host. Direct: Infected person has direct contact with another person through touch, droplets, kissing, or sexual intercourse. Indirect: Requires a vector or vehicle to carry the microorganism to the host. Airborne: Droplet nuclei (remains of droplets coming from an infected person) are spread to another person.
- Vector
- Object or animal by which organisms are transmitted (an insect, or a used drinking glass, for instance).
- Virulence
- Microorganism's ability to produce disease.
- Viruses
- Microorganisms made primarily of a substance called nucleic acid; they must enter living cells in order to reproduce.
- Types of Microorganisms
- Bacteria Viruses Fungi Parasites
- Helpful Actions of Microorganisms
- Resident Flora
- Harmful Actions of Microorganisms
- Infection : Pathogens are Infectious Agents
- Controlling Communicable Diseases
- CDC gets reports each month from Health care providers
- Types of Infections
- Local Infection Systemic Infection Bacteremia : Septicemia in the blood strem Nosocomial:staph Iatrogenic Infection diagnostic or therapeutic source
- Factors in the Chain of Infection
- 1 Agent 2 Reservoir 3 Portal of exit 4 Method of transmission 5 Portal of entry 6 Susceptible Host
- Factors that Reduce Host Resistance
- Age Genetics Stress Nutrition Medication Cronic Deseases
- Nonspecific Defenses
- Intact skin Moist mucous membranes special cells saliva tears stomach acids vag fluid urine flow gastric acids chemical agents
- Specific or Immune Defenses
- Antigens, immune defenses; antibody-mediated and cellmediated defenses against identified foreign proteins such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and other infectious agents
- Standard Precautions
- precautions used with all clients to prevent spread of microorganisms; applied to all body fluids, blood, secretions, excretions (except sweat), mucous membranes, and nonintact skin
- Using Aseptic Technique
- method used to prevent the transmission of microorganisms from one place or person to another
- Virulence
- microorganism's ability to produce disease
- State some risks of nosocomial infections.
- infections that occur as a result of healthcare delivery in a healthcare setting
- Explain the difference between nonspecific and specific defense systems of the body.
- defenses that protect the body against all microorganisms immune defenses; antibody-mediated and cellmediated defenses against identified foreign proteins such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and other infectious agents
- Inflammatory response
- local nonspecific defense reaction of tissues when they are exposed to infection or injury