Genetics Exam 3
Terms
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- Chromosome
- threadlike packages of genes and other DNA in the nucleus of a cell
- Chromatin
- Physical structure of chromosomes; stainable material of interphase composed of DNA and histones
- Nucleosome
- compacts DNA and regulates transcription; composed of 4 core histones and one linker histone;DNA wraps around nucleosome
- Levels of DNA compaction
- 1.Double stranded helix 2.Nucleosomes look like beads on a thread with histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 3.Chromatin folds into higher order chromatin structures 4.Structure is restrictive, slows transcription elongation
- Karyotyping
- using dye (Giesma) to stain metaphase chromosomes
- Naming Chromosomes
- p-short arm q-long arm
- Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
- C22 switches parts with C9
- Telomerase
- ribonucleo protein that acts like polymerase when it finds (TTAGGG)
- Centromere
- holds sister chromatids together; Cohesin
- Spindle Poles
- required for chromosome segragation during mitosis and meiosis
- Allele
- discrete units that can separate independently
- Gene
- segment of DNA composed of a distinct set of nucleotides in a certain part of a chromosome that codes for a specific protein