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Terms
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- evolution
- the process by which characteristics of a species change from one generation to the next
- Charles Darwin
- published Origin of Species (Theory of Evolution Naturalist on HMS Beagle collecting animal and plant specimens Observed differences in finces on Galapagos Islands
- Adaptation to Environment
- When subspecies allele frequencies vary in favor of their environment EX: Finches beak matches island's food supply
- Thomas Malthus
- British Economist Stated that organisms produce offspring at a pace that outgrows food supplies, living space, other crucial resources creates a competition for resources--some survive, some don't
- natural selection
- tendency for individual organisms with particular traits that contribute to that organisms survival and reproduction, to produce more offspring, causing that trait to be more prevalent in next generation
- genes
- Basic building blocks of heredity Blueprints for cells to reproduce themselves and direct organism's development Consists of DNA Each gene is a section of a chromosome
- chromosomes
- Larger strand of DNA molecules Each chromosome consists of over 1000 genes Exist in nucleus of cells Every cell (except sex cells) has 23 pairs
- dominant gene
- Causes dominant trait to be expressed EX: brown eyes over blue eyes
- recessive gene
- Will be expressed only if paired with another recessive gene.
- genotype
- Person's actual genetic makeup