History Ch6 Vocab
Terms
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- Legions
- breakup of ancient Roman soldiers, 5,000 foot soldiers and a group of soldiers on horseback
- Jupiter
- father of gods, aka Zeus
- Patricians
- wealthy, held most power, inherited their power and ancestory gave them the right to vote
- Pax Romana
- period of prosperity in Rome, means Roman Peace
- Augustus
- the name octavian gave himself meaning "exalted one"
- Plebians
- farmers, merchants- citizens with the ability to vote who are banned from holding important office and government positions. They formed their own assembly and selected tribunes to protect them from the patricians
- Constantine
- first Roman emperor to accept Christianity, Constantinople named after him
- Pompeii
- City destroyed by Vesuvius
- Tacitus
- accurate history of Rome, annals and histories
- Tiber
- a river in Northern Italy
- Republic
- form of government in which power rests in the citizens who vote for their leaders
- Christianity
- religion created by Jesus the Nazarene
- Mark Antony
- member of second triumvirate, falls in love with Cleopatra
- Attila
- leader of the huns, considered a direct threat to Rome
- Carthage
- fought with Rome in the Punic Wars, had the great general Hannibal but was later defeated
- Minerva
- goddess of wisdom
- Inflation
- a decrease in money value which incurs a rise in prices
- Principles of Roman Law
- innocent till proven guilty etc. (pg 183)
- Bas-Relief
- sculpture style where the stone around the object is carved away
- Hannibal
- 29 year old Carthigian General who wanted to avenge Carthage after its earlier defeat. He planned a suprise attack on Rome and almost won after traveling through the Alps and losing almost half his men
- Barbarians
- germanic people who attacked Rome from the North when they were invaded by huns
- Dictator
- a political leader, in ancient Rome, who had absolute power to make laws and command the army for a given amount of time
- Diaspora
- scattering of Jews
- Martyrs
- people killed for or torured for a belief, cause, or principle they strongly believe in
- Jesus
- the creator of the religion of Christianity, revered by believers as the son of God, based teachings off the 10 Commandments and monotheism
- Tribunes
- elected representatives of plebians
- Juno
- wife of Jupiter
- Augustine
- latin Father in Christian Church who worked in North Africa
- Consuls
- controlled government and military, rule lasted 1 year and they could no longer be elected after 10 years
- Civil War
- follows death of Tiberius and Gracchus, plebians revolt and generals claim power for themselves
- Diocletian
- divided rome into east and west in attempt to make rule easier, led last large persecution of the Christians
- Huns
- nomadic mongol tribe from central asia
- Numina
- powerful forces worshiped publically and privately by Romans and represented in everything
- Peter
- claimed by Catholics as the first pope, began the Christian church, one of the inner circle of Christ
- Etruscans
- natives of northern Italy, skilled metalworkers and engineers, Rome adopted these people's alphabet, kings of Rome till overthrown in 509BC
- Mercenaries
- people paid to fight for a certain cause
- Punic Wars
- a series of three wars between Rome and Carthage, resulted in the destruction of Carthage and Rome's dominance in the western Mediterranean
- Apostles
- 11 disciples of Christ and the first missionaries
- Senate
- supreme ruling body in ancient Rome
- Jewish Rebellion
- rebellion against the Romans in which around 1 million jews were killed
- Julius Caesar
- military leader who formed alliance with Crassus and Pompey, later elected consul, part of the first truimvirate
- Tiberius and Gracchus
- tribunes/brothers who were brutally murdered, helped start Civil War
- Greco-Roman Culture
- culture of those incorporated into the Roman Society
- Virgil
- writer of the Aeneiad, classical roman Poet
- aqueducts
- used by Romans to transport water
- Paul
- a later convert who wrote letters to the faithful which were included in the New Testament
- Constantinople
- the capital of the eastern part of Rome, named after the emperor Constantine for himself
- Twelve Tablets
- written law that hung in the forum
- Triumvirate
- a group of three rulers
- Bishop
- spiritual supervisor or overseer
- Pope
- a bishop in the early Christian Church