Pschology II Brain
Terms
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- brainstem
- begins where the spinal cord swells as it enters the skull: responsible for automatic survivalo functions
- medulla
- base of the brainstem controls life support functions like heartbeat and breathing
- retiular formation
- a nerve network in the brainstem that plays an important role in controlling wakefulness and arousal
- thalamus
- the brain's sensory switchboard on top of brainstem directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex
- cerebellum
- little brain attached to the rear of the brainstem help coordinate voluntary movements and balance
- case study
- one person is studied in depth in hope of revealing universal principles
- computerized axial tomography
- CAT scan series of x rays taken from different angles and combined by computer into a composite representation of a slice through the body
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magnetic resonance imaging
MRI - uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer- generated images that distinguish's among different types of soft tissue allows us to see structure within the brain
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electroencephalogram
EEG - an amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity that sweep across the brain's surface measured by electrodes placed on the scalp and used to evaluvate brain function
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Position Emission Tomography
PET Scan - visual display of brain activity that detects where a radioactive form of glucose goes while the brain function
- limbic system
- a ring of structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebral cortex helps regulate memory fear aggression, hunger,and thirst includes hypothalamus hippocampus and amygdala
- hypothalamos
- below the thalamus directs eating and drinking and body temp an is linked to emotion
- hippocampus
- in the limbic system helps process new memories for permanent storage
- amygdala
- two almond shaped neural clusters in the limbic system that are linked to emotions such as fear and anger
- cerebral cortex
- form the cerebral hemispheres the body's ultimate controland information processing center
- longitudinal fissure
- the long crack running from the front to the vack of the cerebral cortex separates right and left hemispheres
- corpus callosum
- large band of nevral fibers that connects the two brain hemispheres and carreis messages between them
- frontal lobes
- portion of the cerebral cortex just behind the forehead includes motor cortex involved in making plans and judgements
- parietel lobes
- porttion of the cerebral cortex at the top of your head toward the rear includes the somatosensory cortex & general association areas used for processing info
- occipital lobes
- portion of the cerebral cortex at the back of your head includes visual processing areas
- temporal lobes
- portion of the cerebral cortex just above the ears includes auditory areas
- motor cortex
- a brain area at the rear of the frontal lobes that controls voluntary movements
- somatosensory
- in front of the parietal lobes and registers and processes body sentations
- Broca's area
- part of the frontal lobe (usually in the left hemisphere ) that directs the muscle movements involved in speech
- Wernicke's area
- brain area involved in language comprhension and expression usually in the left temporal lobe
- plasticity
- the brain's capacity for modification as evident in brain reorganization following damage (especiallly in Kids)